развязка; дорожная развязка(The correct general term for a road structure that manages multiple traffic flows at different heights (grade-separated) is an interchange (American English) or a grade-separated junction (British English). Overview of Terms: • Interchange/Junction: This is the umbrella term for a system of interconnecting roads (ramps/slip roads) that allow traffic to move between two or more major roadways without crossing traffic streams at the same level (at-grade). • Cloverleaf Interchange: This specific design features four loop ramps that resemble a four-leaf clover when viewed from above. It allows all turns between two crossing highways, but it has limitations (e.g., "weaving" issues) and has fallen out of favor for high-traffic areas. • Stack Interchange: This is a more complex type, often known colloquially as a "spaghetti junction" or "mixmaster," that uses multiple levels (often four or more) of direct or semi-directional ramps to handle high volumes of traffic with no weaving conflicts. This type of structure aligns more closely with the description of a single point from which many flows emerge, as it involves many overpasses and underpasses in a compact area. • Directional Interchange: This is the technical term for an interchange (like a stack interchange) where all left-turning movements are provided by direct or semi-direct connections that curve toward the intended direction of travel, rather than looping away from it. (AI Overview) ART Vancouver)
реципрокный обмен(любой эквивалентный обмен биологическим (генетическим) материалом между двумя организмами, органами, клетками, органеллами клетки dimock)
