unikodsm(A character-encoding standard developed by the Unicode Consortium that represents almost all of the written languages of the world. The Unicode character repertoire has multiple representation forms, including UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32. Most Windows interfaces use the UTF-16 form)
A standard for representing characters as integers(Unicode uses 16 bits, which means that it can represent more than 65,000 unique characters; this is necessary for languages such as Chinese and Japanese)
