Пий I(Latin Pope from с 140 to 155 who combatted Gnosticism and the Marcionites); Пий II(Outstanding Italian humanist and astute politician who as Pope - reigned 1458-64 - tried to unite Europe in a crusade against the Turks at a time when they threatened to overrun all of Europe); Пий IV(Italian Pope - 1559-65 - who concluded the Council of Trent); Пий V(Italian ascetic, reformer, and relentless persecutor of heretics, whose papacy -1566-72 - marked one of the most austere periods in Roman Catholic church history); Пий VI(Italian Pope from 1775 to 1799 whose tragic pontificate was the longest of the 18th century); Пий VII(Italian Pope from 1800 to 1823 whose dramatic conflicts with Napoleon led to a restoration of the church after the armies of the French Revolution had devastated the papacy under Pius VI); Пий VIII(Italian Pope from March 1829 to November 1830. In strictly ecclesiastical matters he was generally broad-minded and conciliatory); Пий IX(Italian head of the Roman Catholic Church whose pontificate - 1846-78 -was the longest in history and was marked by a transition from liberalism to conservatism); Пий X(Italian Pope from 1903 to 1914 whose staunch political and religious conservatism dominated the early 20th-century church); Пий XI(Italian Pope from 1922 to 1939, one of the most important modern pontiffs whose motto "the peace of Christ in the Kingdom of Christ" illustrated his work to construct a new Christendom based on world peace); Пий XII(Italian head of the Roman Catholic church during World War II and the years of postwar reconstruction - reigned 1939-58- who dealt with contemporary moral and theological issues in innumerable addresses and in several encyclicals)
