| English | Chinese |
| As the expanding gases compress such material, energy is lost rapidly and pressure and temperature drop sharply in the reaction products. These losses are communicated to the interior of the reaction zone as a rarefaction wave, lowering the pressure and reaction rate, and ultimately removing support far the propagation of the detonation front | 由于膨胀气体挤压这种物质、致使能量损失速度快、爆后产物的压力和温度迅速下降。这些损失作为膨胀波传到反应区之内、因而降低了压力和反应速率、且最终消除了对爆震波面传播的能量支持 |
| In confined blasting, however, the borehole in which the explosive material is placed is capped with material such as crushed rock | 然而在约束爆破中、装了炸药的炮孔覆盖了诸如破碎岩石那样的炮泥 |
| In the detonation of explosives, the resultant energy is converted into beneficial applications such as fragmentation and displacement. It is also responsible for adverse side effects such as vibration, airblast and flyrock | 在炸药爆炸过程中、合成能量转化为破岩和位移这些有益的实用能量。振动、冲击波和飞石这些不利的负面效应也是由合成能量产生的 |
| Recent research has provided more accurate meteorological data that may be used for the prediction and assessment of environmental effects such as noise, dust control, and gaseous emission as well as airblast overpressure | 近来的研究提供了更为准确的气象数据、可以用来预测和评价诸如噪声、飞尘抑制、气体排放以及冲击波超压等对环境的影响 |
| The gas composition is strongly dependent on many factors such as actual field detonation conditions, rock type,hole diameter,water presence,product homogeneity in the hole | 气体的形成在很大程度上取决于诸多因素、如现场实际爆轰条件、岩石类型、炮孔直径、有没有水以及炸药在炮孔中是否均匀等 |
| The theory for predicting flyrock from blasting operations in hard rock, such as granite, has been developed and waits to be gradually perfected | 如花岗岩之类的坚硬岩石爆破作业中的飞石预测理论已经发展起来、并有待于渐次完善 |