| Subject | English | Hebrew |
| comp., MS | application layer | שכבת יישום (Layer seven of the OSI model, the layer at which applications access network services. This layer represents the services that directly support applications, such as software for file transfer, database access, and e-mail) |
| comp., MS | Application Layer Enforcement | אכיפת שכבת יישום (An operation of Windows Filtering Platform (WFP) which provides enforcement for security policies by, in each case, trapping the event, determine what application initiated it, and query the filter engine to determine whether the socket should be allowed to proceed) |
| comp., MS | asynchronous communication layer | שכבת תקשורת אסינכרונית (The layer of AJAX functionality that takes care of communication between the browser and the server) |
| comp., MS | ATM adaptation layer | שכבת עיבוד ATM (The layer of the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) protocol stack that parses data into the payload portion of the ATM cell for transport across an ATM network) |
| comp., MS | Boot Information Negotiation Layer Service | שירות Boot Information Negotiation Layer (A service that runs on a Remote Installation Services (RIS) server that acts on client boot requests. The display name of BINLSVC is Remote Installation) |
| comp., MS | data-link layer | שכבת קישור-נתונים (Layer two of the OSI model. A layer that packages raw bits from the physical layer into frames (logical, structured packets for data). This layer is responsible for transferring frames from one computer to another, without errors. After sending a frame, the data-link layer waits for an acknowledgment from the receiving computer) |
| comp., MS | hardware abstraction layer | שכבת הפשטת חומרה (A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms) |
| comp., MS | network interface layer | שכבת ממשק רשת (A layer of the TCP/IP DARPA model that is responsible for placing TCP/IP packets on the network medium and receiving TCP/IP packets off the network medium. The network interface layer is also called the network access layer) |
| comp., MS | network layer | שכבת רשת (Layer three of the OSI model. A layer that addresses messages and translates logical addresses and names into physical addresses. It also determines the route from the source to the destination computer and manages traffic problems, such as switching, routing, and controlling the congestion of data packets) |
| comp., MS | physical layer | שכבה פיזית (Layer one of the OSI model. A software layer that transmits bits from one computer to another and regulates the transmission of a stream of bits over a physical medium. This layer defines how the cable is attached to the network and which transmission technique is used to send data over the cable) |
| comp., MS | posting layer | שכבת רישום (A current, tax, or operations ledger classification that is assigned to accounting journal entries) |
| comp., MS | presentation layer | שכבת הצגה (Layer six of the OSI model. A network layer that translates data from the application layer into an intermediary format. This layer also manages security issues by providing such services as data encryption, and compresses data so that fewer bits need to be transferred on the network) |
| comp., MS | session layer | שכבת הפעלה (Layer five of the OSI model. A network layer that allows two applications on different computers to establish, use, and end a session. This layer establishes dialog control between the two computers in a session, regulating which side transmits, as well as when and how long it transmits) |
| comp., MS | transport layer | שכבת התעבורה (Layer four of the OSI model. The network layer that handles error recognition and recovery. When necessary, it repackages long messages into small packets for transmission and, at the receiving end, rebuilds packets into the original message. The receiving transport layer also sends receipt acknowledgments) |
| comp., MS | Transport Layer Security encryption | הצפנת Transport Layer Security (A generic security protocol similar to Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), used with Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)) |