| Subject | English | Japanese |
| gen. | n player to one's left | 上家 |
| gen. | n said when taking a tile discarded by the player to one's left to form a chow | 吃 |
| gen. | n upstage left pillar on a noh stage, next to the flute player | 笛柱 |
| gen. | winning off a discarded tile from the player to one's right or across the table on the turn after letting one's winning tile go by from the player to one's left | 山越し |