| Subject | English | Japanese |
| comp., MS | Common Language Specification | 共通言語仕様 (A subset of language features supported by the common language runtime, including features common to several object-oriented programming languages. CLS-compliant components and tools are guaranteed to interoperate with other CLS-compliant components and tools) |
| comp., MS | mapping specification language | マッピング スキーマ言語 (An XML-based language that is used to map items defined in a conceptual model to items in a storage model) |