| Subject | English | Japanese |
| gen. | aux-v v1 auxiliary verb indicating the causative | させる せる is for 五段 verbs, させる for 一段; follows the imperfective form of (v5) and (vs) verbs; senses 1-3 of せる are sometimes abbreviated as 〜す |
| gen. | aux-v v5s auxiliary verb indicating the causative | さす |
| gen. | aux-v v1 auxiliary verb indicating the causative | せる |
| ling. | n causative verb | 使役動詞 |