| Subject | English | Japanese |
| law | n addition to Japan's antitrust law that allows lower fines for the first company involved in a cartel, etc. to admit their involvement | 課徴金減免制度 |
| gen. | n ancient Japanese coinage first minted in 760 CE | 万年通宝 |
| gen. | athlete who competes in the first match of a team competition | 先鋒 news2 nf32 (kendo, judo, etc.) |
| gen. | n vs being in someone's service for the first time | 初参 |
| gen. | n child born in first half of the year | 年強い |
| gen. | Ci Hai, an encyclopedic dictionary first published in 1936, most recent edition 1999 | 辞海 |
| food.ind. | n cooking by first briefly deep-frying, then simmering in broth | 揚煮 |
| food.ind. | n cooking by first briefly deep-frying, then simmering in broth | 揚げ煮 |
| gen. | n obsc day of Ten'ichijin's first ascension to heaven in a year | 天一太郎 (the 30th day of the first sexagenary cycle of the year) |
| food.ind. | n dish of potatoes first boiled, then spun around while fried in a bowl | 粉吹芋 (making them look as if covered in powder) |
| food.ind. | n dish of potatoes first boiled, then spun around while fried in a bowl | 粉吹きいも (making them look as if covered in powder) |
| food.ind. | n dish of potatoes first boiled, then spun around while fried in a bowl | 粉吹き芋 (making them look as if covered in powder) |
| gen. | eat something for the first time in the season | お初を頂く |
| gen. | eat something for the first time in the season | お初をいただく |
| gen. | fall in love at first sight | 見初める |
| gen. | n yoji first and final offer in labor-management negotiations | 一発回答 |
| gen. | n first business conducted by retailers in the New Year | 初売り spec1 (はつうり) |
| gen. | first crop grown in a double-cropped field | 前作 |
| gen. | exp first day of the cock in the eleventh month | 一の酉 |
| gen. | n first half of the Lotus Sutra, in which the Buddha appears as a spatiotemporally restricted being | 迹門 |
| gen. | exp first "horse day" in any lunar month, but esp. the second lunar month | 初午 |
| comp., MS | first in | 先入先出法 (さきいれさきだしほう) |
| comp., MS | first in | 先入れ先出し法 |
| gen. | exp first in | 先入れ |
| gen. | first in first out | 先入先出 |
| gen. | exp first in, first out | 先入れ先出し |
| gen. | n adj-no first of its kind in Japan | 日本初 |
| gen. | n-t first in race | 一着 news1 nf23 |
| gen. | n first lighting of the hearth in a Zen temple | 開炉 (first day of the 10th or 11th month) |
| gen. | n first or solo run in a race | 単走 (grand prix, horse race, etc.) |
| gen. | n first prize in a private lottery | 本籤 |
| gen. | n first rank in the hierarchy of the government | 正一位 |
| geogr. | first social club established in Japan | 交詢社 (1880) |
| gen. | n first thing in the afternoon | 午後一 |
| inf. | n-t first thing in the morning | 朝一 |
| gen. | n first thing in the morning | 朝一番 spec1 |
| gen. | n adj-no for the first time in one's life | 人生初 |
| gen. | n first time that one works in the year | 仕事始 io |
| gen. | n first time that one works in the year | 仕事始め spec1 |
| gen. | n first tone in old Chinese phonetics | 平声 |
| gen. | n first warbling heard in a New Year | 初音 news2 nf43 |
| gen. | n first wearing of kimono in the New Year | 初姿 |
| gen. | n first year in high school | 高１ |
| gen. | n first year in high school | 高一 |
| gen. | n first year pupil in junior middle school | 中１ |
| gen. | n first year pupil in junior middle school | 中一 |
| gen. | First-in First-out | 先入れ先出し (FIFO) |
| gen. | first-in first-out method | 先入先出法 (さきいれさきだしほう) |
| gen. | first-time guest in a red-light district | 風来 |
| gen. | for the first time in | 振り ichi1 (period of time, furi) |
| gen. | adv for the first time in a while | 久し振りに |
| gen. | adv for the first time in a while | 久しぶりに |
| gen. | exp for the first time in one's life | 生まれて初めて |
| gen. | exp for the first time in ... years | 年振り |
| gen. | exp for the first time in ... years | 年ぶり |
| gen. | n former rank in the Japanese army and navy, equiv. to private first-class, lance corporal, etc. | 兵長 |
| gen. | n vs uk game in which two children looking at each other try to make the opponents laugh first | 睨めっこ |
| proverb | exp in fooling the enemy first deceive your allies | 敵を欺くにはまず味方から |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | まず以て |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | 先以て io |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | 先もって io |
| gen. | n yoji in the first place | 劈頭第一 |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | まず以って io |
| gen. | uk in the first place | 大体 ichi1 news1 nf13 |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | 先ずもって |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | 先以って io |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | 先ず以って io |
| gen. | n-adv uk in the first place | 抑抑 |
| gen. | adv uk in the first place | 先ず以て |
| gen. | n-adv uk in the first place | 抑々 |
| gen. | n-adv uk in the first place | 抑 ichi1 news2 nf25 |
| gen. | last in first out | 後入先出 (あといれさきだし) |
| gen. | exp last in, first out | 後入れ先出し |
| comp., MS | last in, first out inventory valuation method | 後入れ先出し在庫評価方法 (An inventory valuation method in which inventory that is received most recently is considered sold or used first for accounting purposes) |
| gen. | Last-in First-out | 後入先出し (LIFO) |
| sumo. | n newly recruited wrestlers in the first round of presentation after mae-zumo | 一番出世 |
| gen. | n novel narrated in the first person | 私小説 news2 nf32 |
| law | n principal offender in the first degree | 直接正犯 |
| obs. | n purification ceremony held on the first day of the snake in the third month of the lunar calendar | 巳の日の祓 |
| sumo. | ram opponent head-first in the initial charge | 打ち噛ます |
| gen. | n refined version of ta-asobi dance performed in Tohoku about half way through the first lunar month | 田植踊 |
| gen. | n refined version of ta-asobi dance performed in Tohoku about half way through the first lunar month | 田植え踊り |
| gen. | n residential building in which the first floor is occupied by businesses | 下駄履き住宅 |
| obs. | pn male self-deprecating first person pronoun used in letters | 迂生 |
| gen. | n service in the first reserve | 予備役 |
| obs. | special kindling used in samurai families during the Edo period for the 15th of the first month and painted with 12 brush strokes | 御薪 (13 on a lucky year) |
| gen. | n yoji the first in history | 史上唯一 |
| gen. | n the first star to appear in the evening | 一番星 |
| gen. | n the first time in the year that one wears an awase kimono | 初袷 |
| abbr. | traditional Chinese spelling system in which two characters are used: the first one for the onset, the second one for rhyme and tone | 反 ichi1 news1 nf15 (そり) |
| gen. | n traditional Chinese spelling system in which two characters are used: the first one for the onset, the second one for rhyme and tone | 反切 |
| gen. | n winning with a discard in the first turn | 人和 |
| gen. | n winning with a self-drawn tile in the first turn | 地和 |