凝固铸坯钢壳(① Various finite-element models have been developed to simulate fluid flow, heat flow within the mold cavity, mold distortion and shrinkage of the solidifying steel shell of a continuously cast slab. 现已开发出各种有限元模型，用来模拟液体流动、结晶器内热流、结晶器变形以及连铸板坯凝固钢壳收缩等。② The narrower gap between the mold wall and the solidifying steel shell constricts the flow of liquid slag thus reducing the mold powder consumption rate. 结晶器壁与凝固坯钢壳之间的间隙较窄减少了液渣流动量，从而降低了结晶器保护渣消耗速率。)