| environ. | flood forecast The hydrological processes generating river floods have been studied extensively and several modelling concepts have been proposed. The standard procedure for flood forecasting consists of calibrating the parameters of the model of a particular river basin on a representative set of historical hydrometric data and subsequently applying this calibrated model in a real-time environment | 洪水预报 (洪水发生的水文过程已被广泛研究，许多建模理论被提出。对洪水预报的标准程序包括基于历史水文数据，校准有代表性的某一流域模型的参数，以及随后在实时环境中使用此校正模型。) |