Перевожу контракт - с русского на англ. слово преемник как можно перевести?

link 21.06.2016 4:14

Subject: Перевожу контракт - с русского на англ. слово преемник как можно перевести? gen.

link 22.06.2016 10:53

DUPLESSIS, I’m gonna try to explain those levels.

First of all, I think there are no tests to assess language at a very high level. You can assess only grammar, spelling and quality of speech, and that’s it. But our modern language is all about technical words and idioms whether we like it or not. We learn all that stuff in schools and universities. It’s at least 50% of the language. Nobody tests or assesses it. They assess only our knowledge of various subjects (history, chemistry, economics, business law etc.). Having received a good university education, I additionally studied a lot, and definitely know Russian better than an average well-educated guy. I specifically delved into Russian on my own to enhance my knowledge, though it, of course, was not needed anywhere except for proofreaders, journalists etc., but I don’t work in that field. Truth be told, I had some arguments with them, calling into question the quality of their work.

As to my scale:

I’d say the theoretical maximum is around 12.0:
Grammar and spelling at that level should be on par with a professor of Russian language and literature + enormous vocabulary (20% words more than the standard). Still, theoretically, someone may know even more. Who can judge it? So, level 13.0 may be claimed by some genius.

Most people with a good university education should be in the ballpark of 10.0 in my opinion. Someone truly exceptional can be around 11.0, but I’m not that good. Simply put, 17 or more years of education in some language (11 at school + 6 at university) = around level 10.0, provided you were a very good student. So, if you had studied in a Russian school and at a Russian university for 17 years and had been getting good grades, then, DUPLESSIS, you are automatically at level 10.0 or higher.

What about 9.0? I guess if you can translate simultaneously (after some training, of course) into some language, then that language is at level 9.0. For that you need around 10 years of education in that language (or in that country), but 17 years would be overkill in my opinion.

What about level 8? Well, that’s when you are exceptionally good at simultaneous interpreting (level B). It’s higher than C2, Proficiency.

Level 7: That’s proficiency, C2.
Level 6: Advanced, C1.
Level 5: Upper-intermediate B2.
Level 4: Intermediate.
Level 3: Lower-intermediate.
Level 2: Elementary.
Level 1: Beginner.

Some claim that C2 is close to native speakers. Yes, if a native speaker is a household speaker. Example: a Spanish kid emigrates to the US at age 7 and continues to speak Spanish at home while studying and socializing in English. Well, you may say that his Spanish is C2 when he goes back to Spain, say, after 15 years of living in the US. Well, Spaniards will speak Spanish way better than he does with his pathetic C2 kinda native level (50% of vocabulary will be missing: chemistry, history and all other subjects and much more). C2 is of course the be-all and and-all for foreigners. Even some (household) native speakers are far worse than C2 -- that's a fact. Well, I guess, I'm starting to go off on a tangent (towards linguistics).
Hope it's more or less clear now.
Take care.

Erdferkel ✉

link 22.06.2016 11:09

матушки-батюшки, извержение вулкана...
DUPLESSIS, ну и что такого в 105 %? на выборах и не такое бывает :-)
а вот этот кусочек лавы: "Sentences should start with capital letters. Maybe you should take Russian lessons from a school teacher?" - ай, нехорошо огрызаться! я тоже на форуме со строчной буквы предложения начинаю - фишка у меня такая, как и у Tante B и ещё у многих здесь, делов-то