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Blinding: In evaluating the effect of the drug, we want to filter out the real effect of the drug from the effect of the patient's own psychology. The standard method is to compare what happens to patients who are given the drug (the treatment group) with what happens to patients given an inert dummy treatment called a placebo (the control group). This will only work if the patients do not know whether they are getting the real drug or the placebo. Similarly, when we are comparing two or more treatments the subjects (patients) should not know which treatment they are receiving, if at all possible. This idea is called blinding the subjects. The results are not then contaminated by any preconceived ideas about the relative effectiveness of the treatments. One of the authors was involved in a comparative study of two asthma treatments, one in liquid form and one in powder form. To blind the subjects, each subject had to receive both a powder and a liquid. One was a real treatment, the other a placebo. The idea of using a control or control group to evaluate the effect of an experimental intervention is basic to all experimentation. Blinding, to whatever extent is possible, tends to be desirable in any experiment involving human responses (e.g. medical, psychological and educational experiments). http://www.math.sfu.ca/~cschwarz/Stat-301/Handouts/node53.html но как бы это коротко сказать по-русски? :((
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