| environ. |
climatic effect Climate has a central influence on many human needs and activities, such as agriculture, housing, human health, water resources, and energy use. The influence of climate on vegetation and soil type is so strong that the earliest climate classification schemes where often based more on these factors than on the meteorological variables. While technology can be used to mitigate the effects of unfavorable climatic conditions, climate fluctuations that result in significant departures from normal cause serious problems for modern industrialized societies as much as for primitive ones. The goals of climatology are to provide a comprehensive description of the Earth's climate, to understand its features in terms of fundamental physical principles, and to develop models of the Earth's climate that will allow the prediction of future changes that may result from natural and human causes (气候对人类的需要和活动有中心影响，例如农业、居住、人类健康、水资源和能源的使用。气候对蔬菜和土壤类型的影响那么强烈以至于最早的气候分类模式常常更多地基于这些因素而不是气象变量。虽然可以使用科技来减轻不利的气候条件的影响，但是背离正常的气候控制，引起现代工业化社会的问题和以前一样严重。气象学的目标是，提供一个对地球气候的可理解的描述，理解它在基本物理原理方面的特征，开发能够预测那些自然和人类所引起的未来变化的地球气候模型。) |
