смятие в виде седловины в рельсовом стыке(depression in the rail tread at a rail joint i.e. result of the impact that occurs as wheels pass over the joint - loose joints experience excessive batter due to the increased impact)
просадка пути(rail permanently deformed into a down-ward curve at a rail joint as a result of insufficient joint maintenance and poor ballast or subgrade conditions)
смятие вторичное в виде седловины в рельсовом стыке(occurs not directly at the rail end in a rail joint but generally on high speed track where wheels are "launched" over a joint and land on the receiving rail, a discrete distance from the rail end)
