| language planning | языковое планирование (Language planning is an effort to change a language or its functions in a certain society.There are three kinds of language planning: 1. Corpus planning: making changes in the structure of a language. In ethnic languages a linguistic institution may introduce new expressions and new words (or officialize words that have entered the language recently). Making grammars, dictionaries, and an orthography - and introducing orthographic reforms - are part of the establishing of a linguistic norm for a language, or the changing of an older norm. Linguistic purism also belongs to corpus planning. 2. Status planning: political ways of changing the status of a language in a certain society. Making a certain language or dialect an official language or a national language is status planning, as well as giving official minority language status to a certain language. Writing systems are often the result of status planning, since a writing system is often based on an officially chosen dialect. 3. Acquisition planning: influencing the teaching and learning of languages, and the number of language students. Deciding which languages are to be taught in a certain school system is acquisition planning, just like allocating resources to educate language teachers for certain languages. Alex_Odeychuk) |
