| English | Chinese |
| coal mining The technical and mechanical job of removing coal from the earth and preparing it for market | 煤矿开采 (挖掘煤炭以及将其准备投入市场的技术、机械工作。) |
| deep sea mining The most valuable of the marine mineral resources is petroleum. About 15% of the world's oil is produced offshore, and extraction capabilities are advancing. One of the largest environmental impacts of deep sea mining are discharged sediment plumes which disperse with ocean currents and thus may negatively influence the marine ecosystem. Coal deposits known as extensions of land deposits , are mined under the sea floor in Japan and England | 深海采矿 (最有价值的海洋矿物资源是石油。 世界上约有15%的石油产自外海，且提取能力不断进步。深海采矿对环境最大的影响之一是弃置沉积物所产生的烟尘随着洋流而扩散，因此可能对海洋生态产生负面影响。众所周知煤矿是陆上矿藏的延伸，已开采的有日本和英国海底的煤矿。) |
| landscape after mining The process of mining disfigures the surface of the land, and in the absence of reclamation leads to permanent scars. The process spoils the vital topsoil, disrupts drainage patterns, destroys the productive capacity of agricultural and forest land and impairs their aesthetic and social value | 开矿之后的地形 (开采后的地形损毁了地表的外形，并在缺乏矫正的情况下导致了永久性的损害痕迹。这一过程损坏了重要的表层土壤，干扰了排水模式，破坏了农业、森林和陆地的生产能力，并损害了它们的审美价值和社会价值。) |
| lignite mining Extraction of brown coal from natural deposits; lignite is a brownish-black solid fuel in the second stage in the development of coal. It has a little over half the heating value of bituminous or anthracite coal | 褐煤开采 (对天然褐煤矿的开采。褐煤是一种棕黑色的固体燃料，是在煤形成的第二个阶段中产生的。比有烟煤或无烟煤的小一半以上的热值。) |
| mine filling Filling of disused mines with soil, crushed stone, or waste materials in order to restore the geological, agricultural and landscape features of the concerned area | 矿山回填 (为了恢复有关地区的地质、农业和景观，对废弃的矿山回填土壤、碎石或者废料。) |
| mining district A district where mineral exploitation is performed | 采矿区 (在其中进行矿产开采的区域。) |
| mining engineering Engineering concerned with the discovery, development and exploitation of coal, ores, and minerals, as well as the cleaning, sizing and dressing of the product | 采矿工程 (涉及煤炭、矿石和矿物质的发现、开发和开采，及产品清洗、规格化和包装的工程。) |
| mining geology The study of geologic aspects of mineral deposits, with particular regard to problems associated with mining | 采矿地质学 (矿床地质方面的研究，特别考虑到与采矿有关的问题。) |
| mining industry A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the extraction of minerals occurring naturally, often involving quarrying, well operations, milling, exploration and development | 采矿业 (一个经济分支，在其中的商业企业主要从事天然矿产的开采，往往涉及采石、井下运作、研磨、勘探和开发。) |
| mining law A binding rule or body of rules prescribed by a government to regulate the potentially harmful activity of enterprises concerned with the extraction and processing of precious or valuable metals | 矿业法 (由政府规定的监管与开采和加工宝石或贵重金属有关企业的潜在有害活动的具有约束力的法规或规则。) |
| mining product No definition needed | 矿产品 (无需定义。) |
| mining regulation A rule or order prescribed by government or management to promote the safety, legality or ecological responsibility of any aspect of the process or industry of ore extraction | 矿业法规 (由政府规定的管理规则或命令，以促进矿石采掘业过程的安全性、合法性或生态责任。) |
| mining site restoration Mining is an intensive type of land use with potential for environmental impact over a limited area. When closure occurs, it should address both environmental and safety aspects. Mine reclamation is an ongoing program designed to restore to an acceptable state the physical, chemical and biological quality or potential of air, land and water regimes disturbed by mining. The objective of mine reclamation is to prevent or minimize adverse long-term environmental impacts, and create a self-sustaining ecosystem as near as practicable to what existed before the mining activity | 矿场复原 (矿业是超过有限的环境影响潜力的土地集约型使用。当关闭时，它应解决环境和安全方面的问题。矿山复垦是一项持续的计划，旨在恢复到物理、化学和生物质量或受开采干扰的空气、土地和水的潜能影响的可接收状态。矿山复垦的目的是防止或尽量减少不利的长期环境影响，创造一个尽可能接近存在采矿活动之前的自我维持的生态系统。) |
| mining waste Any residue which results from the extraction of raw materials from the earth | 采矿废弃物 (任何来自从地上提取原料的残留物。) |
| offshore mining Oil extraction from platforms situated a short distance from the coast | 海底开采 (从距海岸不远的平台进行石油开采。) |
| opencast mining Extracting metal ores and minerals that lie near the surface by removing the overlying material and breaking and loading the ore | 露天开采 (通过移去上层物料、爆破和装载矿石，以近地表方式提取金属矿石和矿产品。) |
| sea bed mining The activity or processes involving the extraction of mineral deposits from the surface, or below the surface, of the ocean floor | 海底采矿 (在大洋地面的活动或操作，包括从表面或表面下开采金属沉积物。) |
