| поправка Джексона-Вэника | Jackson-Vanik amendment (Поправка к Закону о торговле <*Trade Act of 1974>, принятая Конгрессом США в декабре 1974 и связавшая выполнение торгово-экономических соглашений между США и СССР с соблюдением последним гражданских прав и свобод, включая свободу эмиграции. После развала СССР неоднократно говорилось об её отмене в отношении России, но этого так и не произошло (Источник: The Jackson–Vanik amendment is a 1974 provision in United States federal law, intended to affect U.S. trade relations with countries with non-market economies (originally, countries of the Communist bloc) that restrict freedom of emigration and other human rights. It is believed that it was a response to the Soviet Union's "diploma taxes" levied on Jews attempting to emigrate,[1] although the amendment does not specifically mention Jews and the tax applied to all Soviet citizens, not only Jews. The amendment, named after its major co-sponsors Henry M. "Scoop" Jackson of Washington in the Senate and Charles Vanik of Ohio in the House of Representatives, both Democrats, is contained in Title IV of the 1974 Trade Act. wiki  americana.ru) Alexander Demidov) |
