| Subject | Maltese | English |
| environ. | ambjent tal-baħar | marine environment Marine environments include estuaries, coastal marine and nearshore zones, and open-ocean-deep-sea regions |
| environ. | attivitajiet ta' tħaffir fil-baħar miftuħ | deep sea mining The most valuable of the marine mineral resources is petroleum. About 15% of the world's oil is produced offshore, and extraction capabilities are advancing. One of the largest environmental impacts of deep sea mining are discharged sediment plumes which disperse with ocean currents and thus may negatively influence the marine ecosystem. Coal deposits known as extensions of land deposits , are mined under the sea floor in Japan and England |
| environ. | attivitajiet ta' tħaffir f'qiegħ il-baħar | sea bed mining The activity or processes involving the extraction of mineral deposits from the surface, or below the surface, of the ocean floor |
| gen. | Awtorità Internazzjonali ta' Qiegħ il-Baħar | International Seabed Authority |
| environ. | aċċess għall-baħar | access to the sea |
| econ., fin. | Bank tal-Kummerċ u l-Iżvilupp tal-Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea Trade and Development Bank |
| law, transp., nautic. | bastiment tal-baħar | sea-going vessel |
| law, transp., nautic. | bastiment tal-baħar | sea-going ship |
| environ. | baħar fond | deep sea Region of open ocean beyond the continental shelf |
| transp., nautic., environ. | baħar internazzjonali | open sea |
| environ. | Baħar Kaspjan | Caspian Sea No definition needed |
| environ. | Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea No definition needed |
| environ. | Baħar Mediterran | Mediterranean Sea (Mare Mediterraneum, Mare Nostrum) |
| environ. | Baħar Mediterran | Mediterranean Sea The largest inland sea between Europe, Africa and Asia, linked to the Atlantic Ocean at its western end by the Strait of Gibraltar, including the Tyrrhenian, Adriatic, Aegean and Ionian seas, and major islands such as Sicily, Sardina, Corsica, Crete, Malta and Cyprus |
| environ. | baħar miftuħ | open sea The high seas lying outside the exclusive economic zones of states. All states have equal rights to navigate, to overfly, to lay submarine cables, to construct artificial islands, to fish, and to conduct scientific research within the high seas |
| environ. | Baħar ta' Wadden | Wadden Sea The Wadden sea is a shallow sea extending along the North Sea coasts of The Netherlands, Germany and Denmark. It is a highly dynamic ecosystem with tidal channels, sands, mud flats, salt marshes, beaches, dunes, river mouths and a transition zone to the North Sea, the offshore zone. Most parts of the Wadden Sea, in particular in The Netherlands and Lower Saxony, are sheltered by barrier islands and contain smaller or wider areas of intertidal flats. The present form of the Wadden Sea is the result of both natural forces and action by man. Twice a day, on average, 15 km3 of sea water enter the Wadden sea. With the water from the North Sea, large amount of sand and silt are imported which settle in places with little water movement. During low tides large parts of the Wadden Sea emerge. These so-called tidal flats cover about 2/3 of the tidal area and are one of its most characteristic features. Nowhere in the world can such a large unbroken stretch of tidal flats be found. They accountfor 60% of all tidal areas in Europe and North Africa |
| geogr. | Baħar tal-Botnja | Bothnian Sea |
| int. law. | baħar territorjali | territorial waters |
| int. law. | baħar territorjali | territorial sea |
| food.ind., fish.farm. | bijotossina tal-baħar | marine biotoxin |
| nat.sc., agric. | busbies il-baħar/ħasura | sea fennel (Crithmum maritimum) |
| nat.sc., agric. | busbies il-baħar/ħasura | samphire (Crithmum maritimum) |
| environ. | depożitu minerali fil-baħar fond | deep sea deposit |
| environ. | desalinazzjoni tal-ilma baħar | sea water desalination Removing salt from ocean or brackish water |
| fin. | deċiżjoni dwar l-assoċjazzjoni tal-pajjiżi u t-territorji lil hinn mill-baħar mal-Komunità Ewropea | Overseas Association Decision |
| fin. | deċiżjoni dwar l-assoċjazzjoni tal-pajjiżi u t-territorji lil hinn mill-baħar mal-Komunità Ewropea | Decision on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European Community |
| environ. | dumping tal-iskart fil-baħar fond | sinking of waste A manner of waste disposal in which refuse or unwanted material is dumped or submerged beneath the surface of a body of water |
| environ. | ekoloġija tal-baħar | marine ecology An integrative science that studies the basic structural and functional relationships within and among living populations and their physical-chemical environments in marine ecosystems. Marine ecology focuses on specific organisms as well as on particular environments or physical settings |
| environ. | ekosistema ta' qiegħ il-baħar | benthic ecosystem The interacting system of the biological communities located at the bottom of bodies of freshwater and saltwater and their non-living environmental surroundings |
| environ. | ekosistema tal-baħar | marine ecosystem Any marine environment, from pond to ocean, in which plants and animals interact with the chemical and physical features of the environment |
| environ. | enerġija termika mill-baħar | thermal sea power The concept of utilizing the temperature differences of 20°C or more that occur between the surface of an ocean and its depths to achieve a continuous supply of power; this temperature difference may be found in the tropical regions of the world. Various small plants have been constructed to demonstrate the principle |
| fish.farm. | far tal-baħar | rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| fish.farm. | far tal-baħar | sea rat (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| fish.farm. | far tal-baħar | ratfish (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| fish.farm. | far tal-baħar | king of the herring (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| environ. | fawna tal-baħar | marine fauna Animals which live in the sea |
| environ., nat.res. | Faġan tal-Baħar | purple gallinule (Porphyrio porphyrio) |
| fish.farm. | fenek tal-bahar | rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| fish.farm. | fenek tal-bahar | ratfish (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| fish.farm. | fenek tal-bahar | sea rat (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| fish.farm. | fenek tal-bahar | king of the herring (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| life.sc., fish.farm. | fenek tal-baħar | rabbit fish (Chimaera monstrosa) |
| int. law., fish.farm. | fruntiera tal-baħar | sea border |
| int. law., fish.farm. | fruntiera tal-baħar | maritime border |
| UN | Ftehim dwar traffiku illegali bil-baħar, li jimplimenta l-Artikolu 17 tal-Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti kontra t-traffikar illegali ta' drogi narkotiċi u sustanzi psikotropiċi | Agreement on Illicit Traffic by Sea, Implementing Article 17 of the UN Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances |
| nat.res. | Gallina tal-Baħar | oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus) |
| life.sc., nat.res. | gasteropodu tal-baħar | marine gastropod |
| gen. | Grupp Interreġjonali tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana/Kanal | "North Sea" Group |
| gen. | Grupp Interreġjonali tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana/Kanal | North Sea-Channel interregional group |
| gen. | Grupp Interreġjonali tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana/Kanal | North Sea - English Channel interregional group |
| gen. | Grupp Interreġjonali tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana/Kanal Ingliż | "North Sea" Group |
| gen. | Grupp Interreġjonali tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana/Kanal Ingliż | North Sea-Channel interregional group |
| gen. | Grupp Interreġjonali tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana/Kanal Ingliż | North Sea - English Channel interregional group |
| gen. | Grupp ta' Ħidma dwar il-Liġi tal-Baħar | Working Party on the Law of the Sea |
| obs. | Grupp tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana | "North Sea" Group |
| obs. | Grupp tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana | North Sea-Channel interregional group |
| obs. | Grupp tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana | North Sea - English Channel interregional group |
| gen. | Grupp tar-Reġjuni tal-Baħar Baltiku | "Baltic Sea Regions" Group |
| econ., min.prod., environ. | għarfien dwar il-baħar | Marine Knowledge 2020 |
| geogr. | il-Baħar Għarbi | Arabian Sea |
| environ. | il-Baħar Jonju | Ionian Sea |
| law | il-baħar miftuħ | high seas |
| geogr. | il-Baħar tat-Tramuntana | North Sea |
| fish.farm. | Il-Ftehim dwar l-Implimentazzjoni tad-Dispożizzjonijiet tal-Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar il-Liġi tal-Baħar tal- 10 ta' Diċembru 1982 relatati mal-Konservazzjoni u l-Ġestjoni ta' Stokkijiet ta' Ħut Transżonali u Stokkijiet ta' Ħut li Jpassi Ħafna | UN Fish Stocks Agreement |
| fish.farm. | Il-Ftehim dwar l-Implimentazzjoni tad-Dispożizzjonijiet tal-Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar il-Liġi tal-Baħar tal- 10 ta' Diċembru 1982 relatati mal-Konservazzjoni u l-Ġestjoni ta' Stokkijiet ta' Ħut Transżonali u Stokkijiet ta' Ħut li Jpassi Ħafna | Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks |
| law | il-gżejjer u r-reġjuni kemm dawk maqtugħa mill-baħar kif ukoll dawk periferiċi | island, landlocked, and peripheral regions |
| transp., nautic. | il-Konvenzjoni Internazzjonali għas-Salvagwardja tal-Ħajja Umana fuq il-Baħar | SOLAS Convention |
| transp., nautic. | il-Konvenzjoni Internazzjonali għas-Salvagwardja tal-Ħajja Umana fuq il-Baħar | International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea |
| environ. | ilma tal-baħar | sea water Aqueous solution of salts in more or less constant ratio, whose composition depends on several factors among which predominate living organisms, detrital sedimentation and the related chemical reactions. Sea-water accounts for more than 98% of the mass of the hydrosphere and covers just over 70% of the globe. Because of the composition and stability of the oceans, and the way they are controlled, they are of great importance to the climate, and great attention has been given to studying the effects of pollution. Man's activities are believed to be accelerating the change in the composition of sea-water |
| environ. | ilma tal-baħar tajjeb għall-għum | bathing seawater Sea waters in which bathing is explicitly authorised or in which bathing is not prohibited and is traditionally practised by a large number of bathers. Water in such areas must meet specified quality standards relating to chemical, microbiological and physical parameters |
| immigr. | il-qsim irregolari ta' fruntiera ta' Stat Membru permezz tal-art, tal-baħar jew tal-ajru | to cross the border into a Member State irregularly by land, sea or air |
| gen. | Inizjattiva ta' Grid lil hinn mill-Kosta tal-Pajjiżi tal-Baħar tat-Tramuntana | North Seas Countries' Offshore Grid Initiative |
| environ. | interfaċċja arja-baħar | ocean-air interface The sea and the atmosphere are fluids in contact with one another, but in different energy states - the liquid and the gaseous. The free surface boundary between them inhibits, but by no means totally prevents, exchange of mass and energy between the two. Almost all interchanges across this boundary occur most effectively when turbulent conditions prevail. A roughened sea surface, large differences in properties between the water and the air, or an unstable air column that facilitates the transport of air volumes from sea surface to high in the atmosphere. Both heat and water (vapor) tend to migrate across the boundary in the direction from sea to air. Heat is exchanged by three processes: radiation, conduction, and evaporation. The largest net exchange is through evaporation, the process of transferring water from sea to air by vaporization of the water |
| environ. | inġinerija tal-baħar | marine engineering The design, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance of main power plants, as well as the associated auxiliary machinery and equipment, for the propulsion of ships |
| life.sc., fish.farm. | kelb il-baħar | tope shark (Galeorhinus galeus, Eugaleus galeus, Galeus vulgaris) |
| life.sc., fish.farm. | kelb il-baħar | tope (Galeorhinus galeus, Eugaleus galeus, Galeus vulgaris) |
| life.sc., fish.farm. | kelb il-baħar abjad | great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias, Carcharodon rondeletii) |
| life.sc., fish.farm. | kelb il-baħar bellusi | velvet dogfish (Scymnodon squamulosus, Zameus squamulosus) |
| life.sc., fish.farm. | kelb il-baħar tal-qarnuna bajda oċeaniku | oceanic whitetip shark (Carcharhinus longimanus) |
| polit., loc.name. | Konferenza Parlamentari tal-Baħar Baltiku | Baltic Sea Parliamentary Conference |
| fin., energ.ind., industr. | Konsorzju għall-pipeline tal-Baħar Kaspju | Caspian Pipeline Consortium |
| fin., energ.ind., industr. | Konsorzju għall-pipeline tal-Baħar Kaspju | Caspian Petroleum Consortium |
| int. law. | Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar id-Dritt tal-Baħar | LOS Convention |
| int. law. | Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar id-Dritt tal-Baħar | Law of the Sea Convention |
| int. law. | Konvenzjoni tan-Nazzjonijiet Uniti dwar id-Dritt tal-Baħar | United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea |
| gen. | Kooperazzjoni Sottoreġjonali tal-Istati tal-Baħar Baltiku | Baltic Sea States Subregional Cooperation |
| nat.res. | kromb il-baħar | sea rocket (Cakile maritima) |
| environ., UN | Kumitat tal-Protezzjoni tal-Ambjent tal-Baħar | Marine Environment Protection Committee |
| environ. | Kummissjoni għall-Ħarsien tal-Ambjent Marin fil-Baħar Baltiku | Helsinki Commission |
| environ. | Kummissjoni għall-Ħarsien tal-Ambjent Marin fil-Baħar Baltiku | Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission |
| earth.sc., transp., nautic. | kundizzjonijiet tal-baħar | sea state |
| earth.sc., transp., nautic. | kundizzjonijiet tal-baħar | state of sea |
| earth.sc., transp., nautic. | kundizzjonijiet tal-baħar | state of the sea |
| earth.sc., transp., nautic. | kundizzjonijiet tal-baħar | sea conditions |
| fish.farm. | Kunsill Internazzjonali għall-Esplorazzjoni tal-Baħar | International Council for the Exploration of the Sea |
| fish.farm., polit. | Kunsill Konsultattiv għall-Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea Advisory Council |
| fish.farm. | Kunsill Konsultattiv Reġjonali għall-Baħar Baltiku | Regional Advisory Council for the Baltic Sea |
| fish.farm. | Kunsill Konsultattiv Reġjonali għall-Baħar Baltiku | Baltic Sea Regional Advisory Council |
| econ. | Kunsill Kummerċjali tal-Organizzazzjoni tal-Kooperazzjoni Ekonomika tal-Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea Economic Business Cooperation Council |
| econ. | Kunsill Kummerċjali tal-Organizzazzjoni tal-Kooperazzjoni Ekonomika tal-Baħar l-Iswed | BSEC Business Council |
| econ. | Kunsill tal-Istati tal-Baħar Baltiku | Council of the Baltic Sea States |
| environ. | livell tal-baħar | sea level The level of the surface of the ocean; especially, the mean level halfway between high and low tide, used as a standard in reckoning land elevation or sea depths |
| environ. | livell tal-baħar dejjem jogħla | rising sea level Sea level rises are a possible consequence of global warming. As the amount of free water in the ocean increases, and as the water becomes warmer, global warming will increase. In addition, according to theory, the heating at the poles may reduce the amount of water trapped in glaciers and ice caps. By the year 3000, the seas could rise between one and two metres. Such an event would clearly threaten low-lying areas, particularly in Asia, where million of people live and farm on river deltas and flood plains |
| environ. | livell tal-baħar li dejjem jogħla | sea level rise Sea-level rises are a possible consequence of global warming. As the amount of free water in the oceans increases, and as the water becomes warmer, global warming will increase. In addition, according to theory, the heating at the poles may reduce the amount of water trapped in glaciers and ice caps |
| environ. | mammiferu tal-baħar | marine mammal Mammals which have adapted to live in the sea, such as whales, dolphins, porpoises, etc. |
| environ. | mergħa tal-baħar | sea grass bed Seaweeds communities formed by green, brown and red macroscopic algae and by sea phanerogams such as Posidonia oceanica and Zostera noltii, etc. |
| environ. | mewġ tal-baħar | sea wave A moving ridge or swell of water occurring close to the surface of the sea, characterized by oscillating and rising and falling movements, often as a result of the frictional drag of the wind |
| environ. | mewġa tal-baħar b'oriġini sismika | seismic sea wave A large seismically generated sea wave which is capable of considerable destruction in certain coastal areas, especially where submarine earthquakes occur. Although in the open ocean the wave height may be less than one meter it steepens to hights of 15 metres or more on entering shallow coastal water. The wavelength in the open ocean is of the order of 100 to 150 km and the rate of travel of a seismic sea wave is between 640 and 960 km/h |
| environ. | monitoraġġ tal-baħar | marine monitoring The assessment of marine pollution by an integrated chemical, ecological and toxicological survey |
| nat.res. | Mus tal-Baħar | razorbill (Alca torda) |
| nat.res. | Mus tal-Baħar | Usa: razor-billed auk (Alca torda) |
| law, transp., nautic. | opra tal-baħar | sea-going vessel |
| law, transp., nautic. | opra tal-baħar | sea-going ship |
| gen. | Organizzazzjoni tal-Kooperazzjoni Ekonomika tal-Baħar l-Iswed | Organisation of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation |
| gen. | Organizzazzjoni tal-Kooperazzjoni Ekonomika tal-Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea Economic Cooperation |
| environ. | organiżmu tal-baħar | marine organism Organisms which live in sea water |
| nat.res. | papra tal-baħar | sea ducks (Merginae) |
| environ. | park tal-baħar | marine park A permanent reservation on the seabed for the conservation of species |
| transp., nautic., environ. | passaġġ fuq l-ilma baħar | marine waterway |
| environ., nat.res. | Pespus tal-Baħar | wood sandpiper (Tringa glareola) |
| fish.farm. | protezzjoni ta' żgħar ta' organiżmi tal-baħar | protection of juveniles of marine organisms |
| environ. | protezzjoni tal-ilma baħar | sea water protection |
| environ. | protezzjoni tar-riżorsi tal-baħar | marine resources conservation |
| environ. | punt fejn id-drenaġġ jiskula fil-baħar | sea outfall The point, location or structure where effluent discharges into a body of marine waters such as a sea, ocean, etc. |
| environ. | punt fejn id-drenaġġ jiskula f'qiegħ il-baħar | underwater outlet Point of water disposal located below the sea surface |
| nat.res. | Purċinell tal-Baħar | puffin (Fratercula arctica) |
| nat.res. | Purċinell tal-Baħar | Usa: atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica) |
| environ. | qiegħ il-baħar | sea bed The bottom of the ocean. Also known as sea floor; sea bottom. The ocean floor is defined as the near-horizontal surface of the ocean basin |
| environ. | riżervi tal-baħar | marine reserve Sea area where marine wildlife is protected |
| environ. | riżorsi tal-baħar | sea resource Marine resources include food, energy and minerals |
| environ. | sajd fil-baħar fond | deep sea fishing Fishing in the deepest parts of the sea |
| environ. | sajd fil-baħar miftuħ | open sea fishing Fishing in the deepest parts of the sea |
| environ. | sajd tal-baħar | marine fishery The harvest of animals and plants from the ocean to provide food and recreation for people, food for animals, and a variety of organic materials for industry |
| environ. | sediment tal-baħar | marine sediment Solid fragmental material, originated from weathering of rocks, that has settled down from a state of suspension in the water |
| environ. | sfruttament ta' qiegħ il-baħar | sea bed exploitation Marine mineral resources extend far beyond those presently exploited; minerals are derived from two separate types of marine sources: from sedimentary deposits underlying the continental shelves and from inshore deposits on the surface of the continental shelves. By far the most valuable of the mineral resources exploited from marine environments is petroleum. Offshore placer deposits on the surface of the continental shelves yield gold, platinum, and tin. On the floors of the world's oceans manganese nodules are found as a result of pelagic sedimentation or precipitation; they are small, irregular, black to brown, friable, laminated concretionary masses consisting primarily of manganese salts and manganese-oxide minerals |
| construct. | Sinerġija tal-Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea Synergy |
| energ.ind. | sistema ta' distribuzzjoni fil-baħar | offshore grid |
| tech., law, el. | sistema ta' konnessjoni tal-grilja fil-baħar | offshore grid connection system |
| environ. | skart mormi fil-baħar fond | deep-sea disposal The disposal of solid waste or sludge by carrying the wastes out to sea, usually in a barge, and dumping into deep water |
| immigr. | Sorveljanza Integrata tal-Art u l-Baħar għall-Ambjent u s-Sigurtà | Land and Sea Integrated Monitoring for Environment and Security |
| nautic., environ. | sorveljanza tal-baħar | sea surveillance |
| nautic., environ. | sorveljanza tal-baħar | maritime surveillance |
| gen. | Strateġija għar-Reġjun tal-Baħar Baltiku | EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region |
| gen. | Strateġija għar-Reġjun tal-Baħar Baltiku | Baltic Sea Strategy |
| environ. | Strateġija tal-UE għar-Reġjun tal-Baħar Baltiku | EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region |
| environ. | Strateġija tal-UE għar-Reġjun tal-Baħar Baltiku | Baltic Sea Strategy |
| gen. | substazzjon fuq il-baħar | offshore substation |
| transp., nautic. | tagħmir tal-baħar | marine equipment |
| fish.farm. | tarmi lura fil-baħar | to discard into the sea |
| fish.farm. | tarmi lura fil-baħar | to discard at sea |
| environ., nat.res. | Tiġieġa tal-baħar | coot (Fulica atra) |
| geogr. | tkejjil bir-reqqa għall-wisa' ħieles ta' qiegħ il-baħar | accurately surveyed for clearance of sea bottom |
| environ. | tniġġis tal-baħar | marine pollution Any detrimental alteration of the marine environment caused by the intentional or accidental release of dangerous or toxic substances, such as industrial, commercial and urban waste water |
| environ. | tniġġis tal-baħar b'oriġini ta' tniġġis mill-art | land-based marine pollution |
| transp., nautic. | trasport bil-baħar | sea transport |
| transp., nautic. | trasport bil-baħar | maritime transport |
| transp., nautic. | trasport marittimu fil-baħar miftuħ | deep-sea shipping |
| mech.eng. | turbina eolika fuq il-baħar | offshore turbine |
| mech.eng. | turbina eolika fuq il-baħar | offshore wind turbine |
| energ.ind. | tħaffir fuq il-baħar | offshore drilling |
| health., fish.farm., chem. | velenu amneżiku tal-frott tal-baħar bil-qoxra | amnesic shellfish poison |
| health., fish.farm., chem. | velenu amneżiku tal-frott tal-baħar bil-qoxra | domoic acid |
| health., fish.farm., chem. | velenu amneżiku tal-frott tal-baħar bil-qoxra | ASP |
| health., fish.farm. | velenu paralitiku tal-frott tal-baħar bil-qoxra | paralytic shellfish poison |
| health., fish.farm. | velenu paralitiku tal-frott tal-baħar bil-qoxra | muscle-paralysing toxin |
| nat.res. | widnet il-baħar | Maltese rock-centaury (Cheirolophus crassifolius) |
| environ. | xatt il-baħar | seashore The zone of unconsolidated material that extends landward from the low water-line to where there is marked change in material or physiographic form or to the line of permanent vegetation |
| min.prod. | xjenzi tal-baħar | marine sciences |
| environ. | ċirkolazzjoni tal-baħar | sea circulation Large-scale horizontal water motion within an ocean. The way energy from the sun, stored in the sea, is transported around the world. The currents explain, for example, why the UK has ice-free ports in winter, while St. Petersburg, at the same latitude as the Shetland Islands, needs ice breakers. Evidence is growing that the world's ocean circulation was very different during the last ice age and has changed several times in the distant past, with dramatic effects on climate. The oceans are vital as storehouses, as they absorb more than half the sun's heat reaching the earth. This heat, which is primarily absorbed near the equator is carried around the world and released elsewhere, creating currents which last up to 1.000 years. As the Earth rotates and the wind acts upon the surface, currents carry warm tropical water to the cooler parts of the world. The strength and direction of the currents are affected by landmasses, bottlenecks through narrow straits, and even the shape of the sea-bed. When the warm water reaches polar regions its heat evaporates into the atmosphere, reducing its temperature and increasing its density. When sea-water freezes it leaves salt behind in the unfrozen water and this cold water sinks into the ocean and begins to flow back to the tropics. Eventually it is heated and begins the cycle all over again |
| environ. | ġeoloġija tal-baħar | marine geology That aspect of the study of the ocean that deals specifically with the ocean floor and the ocean-continent border, including submarine relief features, the geochemistry and petrology of the sediments and rocks of the ocean bottom and the influence of seawater and waves on the ocean bottom and its materials |
| nat.res. | ħass il-baħar | sea lettuce (Ulva armoricana, Ulva lactua) |
| nat.res. | ħass il-baħar | green laver (Ulva armoricana, Ulva lactua) |
| earth.sc., environ. | żiffa mill-baħar | sea breeze |
| transp. | Żona Ewro-Artika ta' Trasport tal-Baħar Barents | Barents Euro-Arctic Transport Area |
| transp. | Żona Ewro-Artika ta' Trasport tal-Baħar Barents | Barents Euro-Arctic Pan-European Transport Area |
| environ. | żona protetta tal-baħar | marine protected area |
| econ. | Żona ta' Kooperazzjoni Ekonomika tal-Baħar l-Iswed | Black Sea Economic Cooperation Area |
| econ. | Żona ta' Kooperazzjoni Ekonomika tal-Baħar l-Iswed | BSEC Region |
| environ. | żona ta' protezzjoni tal-baħar | marine conservation area Any section of a sea or ocean designated for special protection, often to prevent or reduce harm to its wildlife and ecosystems |
| environ. | żona ta' qiegħ il-baħar | benthic division The bottom of a body of water often occupied by benthos |
| environ. | żona tal-baħar protetta | protected marine zone Sea area where marine wildlife is protected |
