| Chinese | English |
| 不同的分子炸药混人融化的梯恩梯中、将附加的能量和/或感度赋予助爆药 | Different molecular explosives are mixed into the melted TNT and impart additional energy and/or sensitivity to the booster |
| 人们发现、氨生产过程中释放的二氧化碳一部分是来自提供热量的气体燃烧、另一部分来自于提供氨合成气所需的原料气的制备过程中 | CO₂ emissions from ammonia production are found both in the combustion of a proportion of the gas to provide process heat and from the reforming of the feedstock gas to provide ammonia synthesis gas |
| 化学能代替物理能只是能量转换的过程 | A replacement of physical energy by chemical energy is a mere process of energy transformation |
| 因此、无法用理想的爆轰法则提前明确量化温室气体量 | Thus, no definitive quantification of GHGs Greenhouse Gases can be done a priority using ideal detonation codes |
| 在炸药爆炸过程中、合成能量转化为破岩和位移这些有益的实用能量。振动、冲击波和飞石这些不利的负面效应也是由合成能量产生的 | In the detonation of explosives, the resultant energy is converted into beneficial applications such as fragmentation and displacement. It is also responsible for adverse side effects such as vibration, airblast and flyrock |
| 岩石粉碎过程中的能量优化 | energy optimization during rock comminution |
| 所有对环境造成影响的排放、从原料开采一直到最后的处理的整个生产周期、都要予以量化 | All emissions with the potential to cause environmental impacts are quantified along the entire life cycle from raw material extraction through to final disposal |
| 最近几十年、由于二氧化碳及其他温室气体的大量排放、人们关切的全球变暖问题敦促诸多工业调研和实施减少气体排放的标准 | Global warming concerns due to large quantities of emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases GHGs in recent decades are driving many industries to investigate and implement emissions reductions |
| 此外、对爆生气体的实地测量受上述所有因素变化无常的影响、所以测量结果是一组范围值 | Furthermore, field measurements of detonation gases are subject to variability in all the factors mentioned before, and at best could provide a certain range of results |
| 每一次气体释放的量级取决于每一阶段的具体过程、但可能有大的变化 | The magnitude of each of these emissions is dependent on the specific process at each stage, with large variations possible |
| 然而、制造炸药使用生物燃料代替化石燃料的结果、会使二氧化碳的整体排量降低、因为生物燃料在生长期从大气中消除同样当量的二氧化碳 | However, the use of biofuels instead of fossil fuels in explosives would result in lower overall CO₂ emissions, as the biofuel growth phase removes an equivalent amount of CO₂ from the atmosphere |
| 然而、必须注意的是、不管什么生物燃料、其所谓的碳中和性的程度、则随着这种植物的种植、施肥、收割、运输和加工方法、以及能量输人要求的变化而变化 | It must be noted, however, that the extent of so-called" carbon neutrality"of any biofuel varies according to the crop cultivation fertilization,harvesting, transport and processing methods and energy input requirements |
| 然而、必须注意的是、不管什么生物燃料、其所谓的碳中和性的程度、则随着这种植物的种植、施肥、收割、运输和加工方法、以及能量输人要求的变化而变化 | It must be noted, however, that the extent of so-called" carbon neutrality"of any biofuel varies according to the crop cultivation fertilization, harvesting, transport and processing methods and energy input requirements |
| 现代用的硝甘炸药可定义为雷管起爆型混合物。其中所含的硝化甘油敏化剂、或作为拓展能量的主要媒介、若适当起爆、雷管起爆型混合物则在爆轰速度下 | Modern dynamites can be defined a cap-sensitive mixtures which contain nitroglycerin as a sensitizer or as the principal means for developing energy, and which, when properly initiated, decompose at detonation velocity |
| 生命周期在过去的十年、是用以量化所有环境影响的标准方法、涉及产品的整个生命周期和过程 | L-Cycle Assessment LCA has been the standard methodology far quantifying all environmental impacts associated with the entire life cycle of products and processes for over a decade |
| 结合将爆破规程中列出的效果进行量化的输人数据、就能评估基本的爆破释放物和天气影响的共同作用 | When combined with inputs that quantify the effects of blasting specifications,the combined effect of basic blast emission and meteorological effects can be evaluated |
| 虽说采矿现场爆炸的实际气体释放量要小一些、但由于气体释放量随着爆炸条件的变化而变化、所以依然是个问题、而且难以准确予以量化 | Though of a lesser magnitude, the actual mine site emissions from detonation may be problematic as they could vary according to detonation conditions and are difficult to quantify precisely |
| 过去的十年、为了让二氧化碳在大气中的含量稳定在550 * 10⁻⁶、有人呼吁采取极端的行动 | Calls for drastic action have bee made within the last decade in order to achieve stabilization of CO₂ levels at around 550 ppm twice the preindustrial era levels。 |
| 通常在进行爆破方案设计时希望使抛掷量最大化。但是、在一些情况下并不需要达到最大抛掷量。例如当达到最大抛掷量会使得吊铲达不到最佳的工作高度时、反而造成爆后利润的降低 | Usually cast blast design involves maximizing the castover. However, in other situations less than maximum cast may be desired. This can occur far example if the after blast profile from maximum casting would lower the dragline elevation to the point where the machine has inadequate stacking height |
| 通过测量得知、由于温室气体的排放、大气二氧化碳浓度正在不容置疑地逐年加速增加 | The measured atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide show an inexorable and accelerating year-on-year increase arising from greenhouse gases emissions |
| 采矿时喷发的爆炸气体实际成分没法准确定论、这就是说、像甲烷这种有严重潜在危害的温室气体没法准确量化 | The actual make-up of detonation gases emitted on mines cannot be accurately determined and this means that potentially powerful GHGs like CH₄ cannot be quantified with any certainty |
| 量化已降低的所需能耗 | quantification of the decrease of energy requirements |
| 针对不同催化剂系统的减量新技术已经开发出来,以大规模减少炸药厂家温室气体的总体排放 | New abatement technologies based on various catalyst systems have been developed to drastically reduce overall GHG emissions of explosive manufacturers |
| 需要考量的是爆破可能产生的温室气体、包括二氧化碳、甲烷、可能还有一氧化二氮 | The likely GHGs from detonation that require consideration are CO₂, CH₄ and possibly N₂O |
