heat load on lining(There was concern that changes due to implementation of coal injection might result in high heat loads on the lining in the lower stack that could be transmitted to the steel shell and lead to damage, and prevention of shell damage was imperative. 令人担心的是：喷煤所带来的变化会导致炉身下部炉衬热负荷过高，进而传到钢质炉壳造成危害。因此，防止炉壳受损势在必行。)
negative segregation(Compared with S-stirring, a wider equiaxed crystal zone can be obtained with less negative segregation by M-stirring. 与采用二次冷却区电磁搅拌相比，结晶器电磁搅拌可以获得较宽的等轴晶区和较轻的负偏析。)
negative strip(【技】在连铸过程中，当结晶器下振速度大于拉坯速度时，则铸坯相对于结晶器作向上运动，这种运动称之为负滑脱或负滑动。: In oscillating with negative strip, the friction alternates from positive (vertical tension on the shell) to negative (vertical compression) during each cycle. 在负滑脱振动时，每一振动周期内的摩擦力方向都是由正(铸坯壳受垂直张力)转变为负(铸坯壳受垂直压力)。)
negative strip time(① A more meaningful method of quantifying negative strip is to calculate the negative strip time, NSt. 定量表示负滑脱的一个更有意义方法是计算负滑脱时间 NSt。②The negative strip time (tₙ) is defined as the amount of time during the oscillation cycle when the mold travels in the cast direction at a greater velocity than the cast speed. 负滑脱时间的定义为：在一个振动周期内，结晶器在拉坯方向上以大于拉坯速度运动的时间。)
