| Chinese | English |
| 从沉淀室排出的在养殖单元底部积累的固体物质和水的混合物。污水处理中：在大部分液体从污水中被除去后保留下来的泥泞、半固体沉淀物. | sludge |
| 初级的污泥 | primary sludge |
| 完全混合活性污泥法 | complete mixing activated sludge process |
| 工业污泥 | industrial sludge Sludge produced as a result of industrial production processes or manufacturing (由工业生产或制造过程产生的污泥。) |
| 废水污泥 | waste water sludge The removed materials resulting from physical, biological and chemical treatment of waste water (废水进行物理的、生物的和化学的处理所产生的移除物。) |
| 次级的污泥 | secondary sludge |
| 残余废污泥 | residual waste sludge The excess, unusable semi-solids or sediment resulting from a wastewater treatment or industrial process (废水处理或工业过程产生的过量的、无用的半固体或沉淀物。) |
| 水泥 | cement A dry powder made from silica, alumina, lime, iron oxide, and magnesia which hardens when mixed with water; used as an ingredient in concrete (一种干燥的粉末，从硅石、氧化铝、石灰、铁矿石、氧化镁制得，当和水混合时会变硬，用作混凝土的组成部分。) |
| 水泥制造 | cement manufacture Cement is produced by heating a mixture of clay or shale plus chalk or lime in a rotary kiln up to 250 m long per 8 m diameter rotating at 1 rpm. The process can be wet, semi-dry or dry and the fuel can be pulverized coal, oil or gas. As the coal ash is similar in composition to the clay or shale, it can stay in the cement clinker. As one of the kiln operator's major costs is fuel and even a modest sized kiln can consume 8-10 tons of coal per hour, the cement kiln could, therefore, solve a disposal problem and also benefit the cement manufacturer by reducing fuel costs (水泥是在一个长度可达250米直径8米转速1rpm的旋转式窑中，通过加热粘土或者页岩加上白垩或石灰制造的。这个过程可以湿或干的或者半干的，燃料可以是粉状的煤、石油或天然气。由于煤炭烟灰与粘土和页岩的组成相似，它可以混在水泥的熔渣中。由于窑的一个主要花费是燃料，甚至一个中等大小的窑每小时就可以消耗8-10吨煤，水泥窑能够因此解决处理问题，同样也因为减少了燃料花费而给水泥制造带来好处。) |
| 水泥工业 | cement industry Industry for the production of cement. The emissions of most relevance from this sector are atmospheric: dust, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the most important. Cement is essential for the construction sector, either directly or mixed with sand or gravel to form concrete (生产水泥的工业。该行业的排放物与大气最相关，主要包括：灰尘、二氧化碳、氮的氧化物。对建设行业来说水泥是必不可少的，无论是直接使用还是与沙子或石头混合形成混凝土。) |
| 污泥 | sludge 1. A soft, soupy, or muddy bottom deposit, such as found on tideland or in a stream bed. 2. A semifluid, slushy, murky mass of sediment resulting from treatment of water, sewage, or industrial and mining wastes, and often appearing as local bottom deposits in polluted bodies of water (1. 软糊状的，或泥底淤积，如发现于涨潮海岸或河床。2.工业或矿业废料处理产生的大量泥沙浑浊、半流体、泥泞、污水，通常作为局部的底部废物出现在在受污染的水中。) |
| 污泥堆肥 | refuse-sludge compost compost made from mixture of sewage sludge and compostable refuse or waste; Compost derived by the biodegradation of the organic constituents of solid wastes and wastewater sludges. The major public health issues associated with composting using solid wastes mixed with sewage sludge are pathogens, heavy metal, and odors. The heat generated during composting, as a result of the activities of thermophilic organisms, is capable of killing bacteria, viruses, protozoa and helminths present in sewage sludge. The metallic elements in sludge of greatest concern to human health are cadmium, lead, arsenic, selenium, and mercury. Only cadmium is normally found in sewage sludge at levels which, when applied to soils, can be absorbed by plants, and accumulate in edible parts, thereby entering the food chain (堆肥产生于对固体废物和废水污泥中的有机成分的生物降解。用固体废物混合污水污泥进行堆肥产生的主要公共健康问题是致病、重金属和异味。堆肥过程中产生的热量是一种嗜热生物活动的结果，能够杀死污水污泥中的细菌、病毒、原生动物和蠕虫。污泥中和人体健康最相关的金属元素是镉、铅、砷、硒和汞。通常在污水污泥中只有镉的含量会对土壤产生影响，会被植物吸收，当植物被动物食用时进入食物链。) |
| 污泥处理 | sludge treatment The processing of wastewater sludges to render them innocuous. This may be done by aerobic or anaerobic digestion followed by drying in sand beds, filtering, and incineration, filtering, and drying, or wet air oxidation (处理废水污泥使其变得无害。这可以由干燥的沙床、过滤和焚烧，过滤后被有氧或厌氧作用消化、干燥或湿空气氧化。) |
| 污泥消化法 | sludge digestion A treatment to stabilize raw sludge. The treatment can be either anaerobic process or aerobic process (一种稳定原料污泥的治疗方法，这种治疗可以是厌氧的也可以是有氧的过程。) |
| 污泥焚烧 | sludge incineration A method used for drying and reducing sludge volume and weight. Since incineration requires auxiliary fuel to obtain and maintain high temperature and to evaporate the water contained in the incoming sludge, concentration techniques should be applied before incineration. Sludge incineration is a two-step process involving drying and combustion after a preceding dewatering process, such as filters, drying beds, or centrifuges (干燥和减少污泥的体积和重量所使用的方法。由于焚烧需要辅助燃料以获得和维持高温蒸发，并蒸发所送入的污泥中的水，焚化之前浓度应使用浓缩技术。污泥焚烧是一个两步的过程，涉及脱水之后的干燥和燃烧，如过滤器、干燥床或离心机。) |
| 污泥稳定 | sludge stabilisation Usually anaerobic sludge digestion, a treatment that stabilizes raw sludge. Fully digested sludge has little readily biodegradable organic matter. It is not smelly and about 50% of the solids are inorganic. Sludge can also be digested aerobically (通常厌氧污泥消化是通过治疗使原污泥稳定。充分消化的污泥几乎没有生物所能分解的有机物。无臭且大约50％的固体是无机物。污泥也可以被有氧作用消化。) |
| 污水污泥 | sewage sludge A semi-liquid waste with a solid concentration in excess of 2500 parts per million, obtained from the purification of municipal sewage (通过城市污水净化获得的，固体含量超过百万分之2500的半液体的废料。) |
| 泥沼 | mud flats |
| 「泥渣体积指数污水生化处理时用 | sludge volume index |
| 泥煤 | peat Unconsolidated soil material consisting largely of undecomposed or slightly decomposed organic matter accumulated under conditions of excessive moisture (土壤疏松且含有大量分解有机物质和过多的水分。) |
| 泥煤提取 | peat extraction Peat is obtained from peat bogs by cutting it from the earth; it is then formed into briquettes, which can be used as fuel. Peat may be found in layers several metres thick. In some countries peat-fired generating stations for electricity are in use. Peat is also used as a soil conditioner (从泥炭地中提取泥炭，然后形成煤球，可作为燃料。泥炭层有数公尺厚。在一些国家电站作为发电能源投入使用。泥炭也被用作土壤保护素。) |
| 泥质滩地 | mud flat A relatively level area of fine silt along a shore (as in a sheltered estuary) or around an island, alternately covered and uncovered by the tide, or covered by shallow water (一个沿海岸(如在一个封闭的河口)或岛屿的相对平坦的泥沙区域，由潮水间隔地覆盖或浅水覆盖。) |
| 活性泥 | activated sludge Sludge that has been aerated and subjected to bacterial action; used to speed breakdown of organism matter in raw sewage during secondary waste treatment (有细菌作用的充气软泥，用来在废物的二次处理中加快下水道污物中有机物质的分解。) |
| 活性的污泥 | activated sludge |
| 消化污泥 | digested sludge Sludge or thickened mixture of sewage solids with water that has been decomposed by anaerobic bacteria (经厌氧(气)菌分解后之污泥或浓缩污泥。) |
| 淤泥沉淀池 | sludge settling pond Pond for the removal of settleable solids through which wastewater is passed in a treatment works (一个用于清除可沉淀固体物的池子，通过这个过程废水在处理过程中被滤除。) |
| 淤泥沉降 | settling of sludge |
| 清除污泥 | clearing sludge |
| 潮汐泥滩 | tidal mudflat |
| 石棉水泥 | asbestos cement A hardened mixture of asbestos fibers, Portland cement and water used in relatively thin slabs for shingles, wallboard and siding (石棉纤维，波特兰(Portland)水泥和水的加固混合物，被用在相对较薄的墙板和侧板中。) |
| 脱水污泥 | dehydrated sludge Sludge whose water content has been reduced by physical means (用物理方法将水份减少后的污泥。) |
| 高负荷活性污泥废水处理 | high-rate activated sludge waste treatment |
| 黏土，泥土 | clay A loose, earthy, extremely fine-grained, natural sediment or soft rock composed primarily of clay-size or colloidal particles and characterized by high plasticity and by a considerable content of clay mineral and subordinate amounts of finely divided quartz, decomposed feldspar, carbonates, ferruginous matter, and other impurities; it forms a plastic, moldable mass when finely ground and mixed with water, retains its shape on drying, and becomes firm, rocklike and permanently hard on heating or firing (一种松软的、像泥土的、极其具有纹理的、天然的泥沙或软石。它主要由粘土粒度的或胶状的颗粒组成。其特点是高可塑性，有相当大的矿物含量，石英、分解的长石、碳酸盐、含铁的物质以及其他杂物很好地分离开。当与水很好地混合的时候，它形成一种可塑的物质，在干燥的情况下保持形状，并且再加热和火烧的情况下变得坚硬、像石头一样，永久坚硬。) |
