| 繁殖操作 | reproductive manipulation The technology involved in altering in some prescribed way the genetic constitution of an organism. Typically "useful" genes, i.e. very short sequence of DNA, are isolated from one organism and inserted into the DNA of a bacterium of yeast. These microorganisms multiply rapidly and can be cultured easily, enabling large quantities of the gene product to be obtained. Reproductive manipulation has been used for the large-scale production of antibiotics, enzymes, and hormones (e.g. insulin). Organisms into which foreign DNA has been artificially inserted are called "transgenic organisms" (一种改变组织基因的技术。特别是"有用"的基因，如：将从一个组织分离出来的，很短的DNA序列片段植入酵母菌的DNA中。这些微组织可以很快地被培养，从而得到大量的基因产物。繁殖操作已经被应用于大规模抗体生产、酶的生产和激素的生产(如胰岛素)。接受移植的载体叫做"转基因组织"。) |
