| Chinese | English |
| 促成超压强度的主要爆破参数是每次延时的装药量以及药包裸露于大气的程度、或者说药包的埋深 | The primary design-parameters which contribute to the intensity of overpressure are the charge weight per delay and the extent of exposure of the charges to the atmosphere, that is,the depth of burial of the charges |
| 卫星大地测量利用人造卫星进行的大地测量 | satellite geodesy |
| 含有大量硅酸的 | acidic |
| 在过去的几十年里、人们对飞石现象进行了大量的实验研究和理论研究 | Much experimental and theoretical work about flyrock phenomena has been performed in the past decades |
| 在这种情况下爆破的岩石块度大、而且由于冲量相同、岩石的速度和抛掷距离结果变小 | Racks to be blasted in such a case have large masses and,for the same impulse, their velocity and throw distance will be consequently short |
| 大地测量学研究地球形状、大小和重力场及其变化,通过建立区域和全球三维控制网、重力网及利用卫星测量、甚长基线干涉测量等方法测定地球各种动态的理论和技术的学科 | geodesy |
| 大量岩石崩落 | general collapse |
| 大量崩落 | breaking-out in bulk |
| 大量的 | big |
| 当炸药威力大、产生的震感强、噪声大、飞石多。如果炸药威力太小、由于抵抗线和围压增加、会导致爆破失败、而且对于每次延时所用的药量而言、所产生的振动会比预计的要大 | While a high powder factor may generate higher levels of vibration, noise and flyrock, a power factor that is too low may cause a blast to fail and may generate more vibration than expected for the charge per delay that was used, because of increased burden and confinement |
| 所计算的能量和膨胀功的最大误差源炸药无法达到理想爆轰、对于大多民用炸药来说、这个偏差很大 | The greatest source of error in the calculated energy and expansion work is the deviation from ideal detonation,which is large far most commercial explosives |
| 排放系数用来估算因爆破释放到大气中的飞尘量、而这里所报道的模型则估算爆堆碎为尘粒后的整个比例 | The emission factors are intended to estimate the amount of dust liberated into the atmosphere by the blast, whereas the modeling reported here estimates the total proportion of the muck pile broken to dust sized particles |
| 改进后抛掷爆破法可减少大煤矿的电力消耗、且不需要索斗铲进行大量的剥离运动 | Electricity consumption on large coal mines may be reduced through improved throw blasting, requiring less overburden movement by the draglines |
| 最大允许装药量 | maximum permitted charge |
| 最大允许起尘量 | maximum permissible dustiness |
| 最大单段装药量 | maximum single-stage charge quantity |
| 最大处理量 | peak capacity |
| 最大工程量范围 | maximum projection range |
| 最大无量纲剪切应力 | dimensionless maximum shear stress |
| 最大生产量 | capacity point |
| 最大瞬发药量 | maximum instantaneous charge |
| 最大瞬时药量参见 maximum charge per delay interval | maximum instantaneous charge MIC |
| 最大能量 | peak energy |
| 最大装药量用煤矿许用炸药作巷道试验时，不会引起瓦斯和煤尘着火爆炸的最大药量叫不发火药量。但是，在实际使用时要计人一定的安全系数，此时的炸药量叫最大装药量或安全极限药量 | maximum charge |
| 最近几十年、由于二氧化碳及其他温室气体的大量排放、人们关切的全球变暖问题敦促诸多工业调研和实施减少气体排放的标准 | Global warming concerns due to large quantities of emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases GHGs in recent decades are driving many industries to investigate and implement emissions reductions |
| 每一次气体释放的量级取决于每一阶段的具体过程、但可能有大的变化 | The magnitude of each of these emissions is dependent on the specific process at each stage, with large variations possible |
| 每次延迟最大装药量 | maximum explosive charge per delay |
| 海洋大地测量利用人造卫星及其他导航定位系统对海洋进行的大地测量,主要包括在海洋范围内建立大地控制网、进行重力测量、海面和水下定位以及测定海洋平均海面等 | marine geodetic survey |
| 然而、制造炸药使用生物燃料代替化石燃料的结果、会使二氧化碳的整体排量降低、因为生物燃料在生长期从大气中消除同样当量的二氧化碳 | However, the use of biofuels instead of fossil fuels in explosives would result in lower overall CO₂ emissions, as the biofuel growth phase removes an equivalent amount of CO₂ from the atmosphere |
| 然而、大规模减少单位炸药消耗量是不可取的、因为这样反倒影响破碎作用和排石量 | It is not recommended, however, to reduce the powder factor significantly because it will adversely affect the fragmentation and |
| 然而、由于飞石造成破坏的危险性很大、爆破设计时值得认真考量 | The risk of damage due to flyrock, however, is so high that it merits serious consideration in blast design |
| 然而、这样的测量需要涵盖多种条件和炸药、且可能因耗费大、耗时多而受限制 | It might be argued that measurements of gas concentrations arising from real field conditions could provide an improved approach,however such programs would need to cover a wide range of conditions and explosives and could be prohibitively expensive and time-consuming |
| 爆破中所用的炮泥类型和分量以及对阶梯地形的处理、会大大地影响抛向空中的物质的多寡、因此也大大地影响一次爆破中可能喷出的飞尘比例 | The type and adequacy of the stemming material used and the management of progressive relief during detonation have a strong influence on the amount of material thrown into the air and hence the proportion of dust likely to be emit ted from a blast |
| 爆破效果在很大程度上取决于炸药的类型和数量以及炮泥的类型和数量 | The blasting effect depends to a great extent on the type and amount of both explosives and stemming |
| 物理大地测量 | physical geodesy |
| 矿井最大涌水量矿井开采期间,正常情况下矿井涌水量的高峰值 | maximum mine inflow |
| 矿井最大涌水量矿井开采期间,正常情况下矿井涌水量的高峰值 | mine peak inflow |
| 矿井最大涌水量矿井开采期间,正常情况下矿井涌水量的高峰值 | maximum water yield of mine |
| 空间大地测量利用激光技术、空间技术等现代技术手段，观测人造或自然天体，在全球或区域范围内对地面目标进行的高精度大地测量 | space geodesy |
| 这些技术在世界几个地方正在现场改进、并将大大降低炸药厂温室气体排放的总量 | R-of these technologies are underway at several sites around the world and will achieve massive reductions in overall GHG emissions of explosive manufacturers |
| 通常在进行爆破方案设计时希望使抛掷量最大化。但是、在一些情况下并不需要达到最大抛掷量。例如当达到最大抛掷量会使得吊铲达不到最佳的工作高度时、反而造成爆后利润的降低 | Usually cast blast design involves maximizing the castover. However, in other situations less than maximum cast may be desired. This can occur far example if the after blast profile from maximum casting would lower the dragline elevation to the point where the machine has inadequate stacking height |
| 通过测量得知、由于温室气体的排放、大气二氧化碳浓度正在不容置疑地逐年加速增加 | The measured atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide show an inexorable and accelerating year-on-year increase arising from greenhouse gases emissions |
| 针对不同催化剂系统的减量新技术已经开发出来,以大规模减少炸药厂家温室气体的总体排放 | New abatement technologies based on various catalyst systems have been developed to drastically reduce overall GHG emissions of explosive manufacturers |
| 间隔最大装药量在一次爆破中单位延时间隔的最大药量〈kg〉。爆炸的最小装药的延时间隔时间为8ms | maximum charge per delay interval |
| 除了与地质和距离有关的因素外、还有一些因素与爆破作业设计直接相关。其中最重要的是每次延迟的最大装药量、即每次要爆炸的炸药最大量有时标明为每8毫秒间隔爆炸的炸药量 | In addition to factors that are related to geology and distance are those factors that are related directly to the design of blasting operations. The most important of these is the maximum charge weight per delay: that is, the maximum quantity of explosive that detonates at one time sometimes specified as being that which detonates within any eight millisecond period of time |
