| Chinese | English |
| 二级变水 类型 | secondarily poikilohydric form |
| 人为造成的气候变化 | man-made climate change Man-made climate changes may be due to the greenhouse effect and other human activities. A change in albedo of the land brought about by desertification and deforestation affects the amount of solar energy absorbed at the earth's surface. Man-made aerosols produced from the sulphur released from power stations can modify clouds. Changes in ozone levels in the stratosphere due to CFCs may influence climate (人为造成的气候变化可能应归于温室效应和其他人类活动。荒漠化和森林砍伐所带来的土地的反照率的变化影响了太阳能在地球表面吸收。从发电厂释放的硫所产生的人造气溶胶可以减轻云层。由氟氯化碳引起的大气中的臭氧层变化可能影响气候。) |
| 人口结构和人口数量的变化趋势 | population trend The direction of change in the total number of persons inhabiting a country, city, district or area (居住在某个国家、城市、区或者区域的人的总数的变化趋势。) |
| 价值变化 | change in value |
| 全球变化研究大纲 | global change research program |
| 全球变暖 | global warming Changes in the surface-air temperature, referred to as the global temperature, brought about by the greenhouse effect which is induced by emission of greenhouse gases into the air (由于温室气体的排放所导致的温室效应造成地球表面空气温度的变化。) |
| 引起全球变暖的污染物 | global warming pollutants |
| 全球变暖潜能值 | global warming potential |
| 全球变暖潜能值 | GWP |
| 化学变化 | chemical transformation |
| 历史变迁 | historical evolution The process by which small but cumulative changes in the learned, nonrandom, systematic behavior and knowledge of a people occur from generation to generation (一代接一代，不断发生的某种过程，即个人在学习上的、非随机的、系统性的行为和知识方面产生微小但不断累积的过程。) |
| 原始变水气生藻类 | primarily poikilohydric aerial algae |
| 变异 | mutation A change in the chemical constitution of the DNA in the chromosomes of an organism: the changes are normally restricted to individual genes, but occasionally involve serious alteration to whole chromosomes. When a mutation occurs in gametes or gametocytes an inherited change may be produced in the characteristics of the organisms that develop from them. Mutation is one of the ways in which genetic variation is produced in organisms. A somatic mutation is one that occurs to a body cell, and is consequently past on to all the cells derived from it by mitosis. Natural mutations, at this stage of biological evolution, when they occur in the cells of higher animals, almost always produce deleterious characteristics. Both natural and artificial mutations can be brought about by ionizing radiation (hence the genetic and carcinogenic dangers of nuclear weapons) and by certain chemical substances called mutagens (生物体中染色体DNA的化学成分的变化：变化通常限于单个基因，但偶尔涉及严重的改变整个染色体。当突变发生在配子或配子体时，遗传的变化可能产生。突变是生物体产生的遗传变异的途径之一。一个细胞体发生突变是一个体细胞，并因此传递到所有从它派生的有丝分裂细胞。自然突变，在这个生物进化阶段，当他们出现在高等动物的细胞中时，几乎总是产生有害的特性。自然和人为的突变可通过电离辐射(来自核武器的基因和致癌危险)以及某些称为诱变剂的化学物质而产生。) |
| 变水植物的 CO₂交换 | CO₂exchange of poikilohydric plant |
| 变水种 | poikilohydric species (species poikilohydrae) |
| 呼吸瞬时跃变上升 | transient climacteric rise in respiration |
| 呼吸跃变 | respiration climacteric |
| 呼吸跃变上升 | climacteric rise in respiration |
| 地形改变 | landscape alteration Landscapes might change through time as a result of human activities or natural processes such as fires or natural disasters. Changes in landscape structure can be documented by using data from aerial photographs or satellite images, and new technologies, such as remote sensing and geographic information systems (由于一段时间的人类活动或自然过程，如火灾或自然灾害造成的地貌可能发生变化。地形结构的变化可以通过从空中拍摄的照片或卫星影像数据以及诸如遥感和地理信息系统的新技术得出。) |
| 大西洋气候变化 | Atlantic climate change |
| 季节性变化 | seasonal variation In time series, that part of the movement which is assigned to the effect of the seasons on the year (在一定时间内，受到每年的季节影响而产生移动的部分。) |
| 年际变化 | interannual variability |
| 废物转变成能源 | conversion of refuse to energy |
| 政府间气候变化专家小组 | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| 数量变化 | change in value |
| 核聚变 | nuclear fusion Combination of two light nuclei to form a heavier nucleus with release of some binding energy (两个轻原子核结合，形成一个较重的原子核，同时伴随结合能的释放。) |
| 核裂变分裂 | nuclear fission |
| 核裂变 | nuclear fission The division of an atomic nucleus into parts of comparable mass; usually restricted to heavier nuclei such as isotopes of uranium, plutonium, and thorium (原子核分裂成质量相近的部分；通常局限于重核如的铀同位素、钚、钍。) |
| 气候变化 | climatic alteration The slow variation of climatic characteristics over time at a given place. This may be indicated by the geological record in the long term, by changes in the landforms in the intermediate term, and by vegetation changes in the short term (某个地区在一段时间内的气候特征的缓慢变化。从长期来看，这可能是由地质记录表示；从中期来看，它可能由地貌变化表示；从短期来看，它可能由植物的变化来表示。) |
| 气候变化对策计划 | Climate Change Action Plan |
| 气候和全球变化 | climate and global change |
| 气候和全球变化计划 | climate and global change program |
| 气候改变 | climatic change The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system (温度、降雨量、风以及地球气候的所有其他方面的长期波动。外部过程，如太阳辐照度的差异，地球轨道参数(离心率、运动和倾斜)、岩石圈运动、火山活动的不同，都是导致气候差异的因素。气候系统的内部差异如温室气体的变化，可能引起充分的巨大和变化的波动，通过与气候系统相互关联的部分的过程反馈，来解释观测的气候变化。) |
| 灾害应变计划 | disaster contingency plan An anticipatory emergency plan to be followed in an expected or eventual disaster, based on risk assessment, availability of human and material resources, community preparedness, local and international response capability, etc. (以风险评估、人力或物质资源的可用性、社区准备、及地方或国际响应能力等为基础，事先制定的可以在预期中或极可能发生的灾难中遵循的应急计划。) |
| 物理变更 | physical alteration Any change in a body or substance that does not involve an alteration in its chemical composition (身体上的任何改变或物质变化，但并不包括水作为化学成分的变化。) |
| 环境变化 | environmental change Changes that may take place in ecosystems, climate, soil, habitats, etc. due to pressures of various origin (在物种多样性的压力下，生态系统、气候、土壤或者栖息地等发生的变化。) |
| 相改变 | phase alteration |
| 突变异种 | mutant An individual bearing an allele that has undergone mutation and is expressed in the phenotype (具有突变和显型表示的含有等位基因的个体。) |
| 突变微生物 | mutated micro-organisms release The release of mutated micro-organisms creates the risk that they may exhibit some previously unknown pathogenicity, might take over from some naturally occurring bacteria (possibly having other positive functions which thus are lost) or pass on some unwanted trait to such indigenous bacteria. There is also concern that an uncontrolled genetic mutation could produce from such an engineered microorganism, a form with hazardous consequences for the environment (突变微生物释放造成的风险可能会展示一些以前未知的致病性，可能会接收一些自然出现的细菌(有可能因此失去其他积极功能)，或传递某些对固有细菌有害的性状。也有人担心，一个不受控制的基因突变可以生产出这样一个精心设计的微生物而对环境产生有害后果。) |
| 致突变性试验 | mutagenicity testing Testing the property of a substance of being able to induce genetic mutation (测试能诱导基因突变的物质的性质。) |
| 衰变产物 | decay product An isotope formed by the radioactive decay of some other isotope. This newly formed isotope possesses physical and chemical properties that are different from those of its parent isotope, and may also be radioactive (由其它同位素经过放射性衰退而形成的同位素。 这些新生成的同位素具有和其母同位素不同的物理、化学性质，一般也具有放射性。) |
| 诱变剂 | mutagenic substance Agents that induce a permanent change in the genetic material (引起遗传物质的永久性变化的制剂。) |
| 诱变剂，诱变因素 | mutagen An agent that raises the frequency of mutation above the spontaneous rate. An agent that causes changes to plants and animals, particularly to their genetic material and especially at the time of reproduction. Certain chemicals and forms of radiation are powerful mutagens that damage the DNA, or genetic material in the centre of every cell of a living organism (增加突变频率而高于自发节律的药剂。药剂导致植物和动物特别是其遗传物质的变化，尤其是在繁殖的期间。某些化学物质和辐射诱变形式对DNA或每个生物体细胞中心的遗传物质造成强力突变。) |
| 诱变性 | mutagenicity The property of chemical or physical agents of inducing changes in genetic material that are transmitted during cell division (导致细胞分裂时传输的遗传物质发生改变的化学或物理制剂特性。) |
| 遗传变异 | genetic variation Change in one or more phenotypic characteristics, due to gene mutation or rearrangement, environmental effects, etc. (由于基因改变或重组，环境影响，一个或多个表现型特征的变化。) |
| 高胁变 | high strain |
