 |
| Chinese | English |
| 冻土生态系统 | permafrost ecosystem The interacting system of the biological communities and their nonliving environmental surroundings in a climatic region where the subsoil is perennially frozen (生物社区与它们周围的无生命环境互动的系统，底部土壤四季不断结冰的气候区域。) |
| 融冻胁迫 | thawing stress |
| 解冻胁迫 | thawing stress |
| 躲避冰冻机制 | mechanism for avoidance of freezing |