| English | Chinese |
| automated surface observing system | 美国国家气象局地面自动观测系统 |
| soil surface sealing Any activity or process in which ground surface areas are packed or plugged to prevent percolation or the passage of fluids | 土壤表面密封 (地表区域的拥挤或拥塞以防止液体的过滤或流动的活动或过程。) |
| surface-active agent A substance that, when used in small quantities, modifies the surface properties of liquids or solids. A surface-active agent reduces surface tension in a fluid or the interfacial tension between two immiscible fluids, such as oil and water. Surfactants are particularly useful in accomplishing the wetting or penetration of solids by aqueous liquids and serve in the manner of detergent, emulsifying, or dispersing agents. They are more effective than soap in certain situations and are used by conservators for such purposes as cleaning, wetting, and dispersing | 表面活性剂 (小批量使用，用于改变液体或固体表面性质一种物质。采用表面活性剂降低表面流体或两个不混溶流体如油和水的界面张力。表面活性剂，特别是用于水的液体或固体润湿渗透有益和服务方式的洗涤剂，乳化或分散剂。他们比在某些情况下肥皂用作上述用途的清洗润湿方面更有效，且被环保专家用于此类目的的清洁、润湿和分散。) |
| surface active compound Any soluble substance composed of two or more unlike atoms held together by chemical bonds that reduces interfacial tension between liquids or a liquid and a solid, often used as detergents, wetting agents and emulsifiers | 表面活性化合物 (可溶性物质组成的两个或两个以上的不同原子由于化学键而结合在一起，可降低化学液体或液体与固体之间的表面张力，经常被用来作为洗涤剂、润湿剂和乳化剂。) |
| surface runoff Water that travels over the soil surface to the nearest surface stream; runoff of a drainage basin that has not passed beneath the surface since precipitation | 地表径流 (流经地表到达最近的地面流的水，一个流域的径流由于降水没有通过在表面之下。) |
| surface tension The force acting on the surface of a liquid, tending to minimize the area of the surface; quantitatively, the force that appears to act across a line of unit length on the surface. Also known as interfacial force; interfacial tension; surface intensity | 表面张力 (作用于液体表面的力，定量的力量，似乎在一个单位长度线作用于表面，使其尽量减少表面积。也称为界面力；界面张力，表面强度。) |
| surface treatment Any method of treating a material (metal, polymer, or wood) so as to alter the surface, rendering it receptive to inks, paints, lacquers, adhesives, and various other treatments, or resistant to weather or chemical attack | 表面处理 (任何处理的材料(金属，聚合物或木材)，让它接受油墨、涂料、油漆、粘合剂、以及其他各种处理，或抗天气或化学攻击方法，以改变材料表面。) |
| surface water All waters on the surface of the Earth found in streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, marshes or wetlands, and as ice and snow | 地表水 (地球表面发现在溪流、河流、池塘、湖泊、沼泽、湿地和冰雪的所有水域。) |
| surface water | 地面〔地表〕水 |
| surface water management The administration or handling of water naturally open to the atmosphere (rivers, lakes, reservoirs, ponds, streams, seas, etc.) | 地面水管理 (自然开放时(河流、湖泊、水库、池塘、溪流、海洋等)的水的管理或处理。) |
