| English | Chinese |
| cement manufacture Cement is produced by heating a mixture of clay or shale plus chalk or lime in a rotary kiln up to 250 m long per 8 m diameter rotating at 1 rpm. The process can be wet, semi-dry or dry and the fuel can be pulverized coal, oil or gas. As the coal ash is similar in composition to the clay or shale, it can stay in the cement clinker. As one of the kiln operator's major costs is fuel and even a modest sized kiln can consume 8-10 tons of coal per hour, the cement kiln could, therefore, solve a disposal problem and also benefit the cement manufacturer by reducing fuel costs | 水泥制造 (水泥是在一个长度可达250米直径8米转速1rpm的旋转式窑中，通过加热粘土或者页岩加上白垩或石灰制造的。这个过程可以湿或干的或者半干的，燃料可以是粉状的煤、石油或天然气。由于煤炭烟灰与粘土和页岩的组成相似，它可以混在水泥的熔渣中。由于窑的一个主要花费是燃料，甚至一个中等大小的窑每小时就可以消耗8-10吨煤，水泥窑能够因此解决处理问题，同样也因为减少了燃料花费而给水泥制造带来好处。) |
| industrial manufacturing To make or process (a raw material) into a finished product, especially by means of a large-scale industrial operation | 工业制造 (将原料制成或加工成成品的过程，特别指通过大规模的工业生产的过程。) |
| instrument manufacture No definition needed | 器械制造 (无需定义) |
| machine manufacture The making or production of mechanical apparatuses used for commercial or industrial purposes, such as engines and turbines, elevators and conveying equipment, computers and office equipment, and hoists, cranes and industrial trucks | 机械制造 (用于商业或工业中的机械器材的制作或生产，如发动机和涡轮机、电梯和输送设备、计算机和办公设备、及提升机、起重机、工业卡车。) |
| manufacturing activity Activities connected with the processing of raw material into a finished product, especially by means of a large-scale industrial operation | 制造业活动 (与原材料加工成成品有关的活动，特别是通过大规模的产业化经营的方式。) |
| manufacturing trade The process or act of exchanging, buying or selling any manufactured product, or the raw materials for any manufacturing process | 制造业贸易 (交换、购买或出售任何制造产品、或任何生产过程中所需的原料的过程或行为。) |
| vehicle manufacturing industry A sector of the economy in which an aggregate of commercial enterprises is engaged in the manufacture and sale of equipment that conveys people, goods or materials by land, air or water | 汽车制造业 (指一个经济行业，其企业从事制造和销售可由陆路、空中或水路来运送人员、货物或物资的设备。) |
