Subject: разница между Господа и прекрасные дамы,Какая разница между "government collaborates with" и "government cooperates with"? Спасиб |
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link 4.10.2005 17:11 |
первый вариант длиннее, других отличий нет |
"I think the difference lays on the scale of passive /active. But I think that it also has to do with commitment. And Perhaps even commitment of resources. And the associated higher expectations and higher reliability. A collaboration is a form of cooperation which is an active engagement in a bounded project, which entails significant commitment of time and resources. As part of this commitment of resources, there is a bi-directional exchange of value. that is Both (all) sides of the equation gain value from the exchange." Это не я, а какой-то умный профессор, а мне кажется, разницы нет |
спасибо |
есть еще такой вариант: 1)Collaborate: To work together, especially in a joint intellectual effort. 2)Cooperate: To work or act together toward a common end or purpose. To form an association for common, usually economic, benefit |
"умный профессор", говорите? **difference lays on the scale of passive ** Хмм... Пилар - в точку, имхо |
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link 5.10.2005 11:06 |
a little addition to Pillar's answer: collaboration usually has negative connotations, while cooperation positve connotations (this may not be official but, it is the way many english speakers perceive the words) |
I beg to differ Not always |
Это, видимо, можно больше отнести к русскому - например, "коллаборационист", скорее, негативное понятие, имхо. Насчет того, что и в инглише то же самое, не задумывался :-) |
to V Merci to gogolesque |
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link 5.10.2005 11:13 |
V: i agree that it is not alwasy the case note that i said "many english speakers" and said that it is not an official connotation of the words it is just food for thought when you are considering how to translate it (looking at the author, desired audience, intent of text, etc... - all things to consider when looking for the best translation) |
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