BRANCH SURVEY
Coal branch“Saryarka-ENERGY” LLP works with coal mining in Karaganda region, Republic of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is a net-exporter of coal. Below you can see the brief survey of world coal market and survey of coal industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. General characteristics of coal Coal is a mineral fuel, extracted from the subsurface, and is a black of black-brown stone with combustible features, of sedimentary origin, containing mainly carbon.
Coal is mainly used electrical energy production (thermal coal) and in metallurgical industry (coking coal). Nowadays 42% of whole world electrical energy is produced with the help of coal.
Four main types or categories of coal can be distinguished depending on the calorific value, content of fixed carbon and volatile substances, and, in some degree, caking capacity during burning. Depending on calorific value, coal can be divided into (from the upper range of quality characteristics to the lower one): anthracite, stone (bituminous) coal, semi-bituminous coal and brown coal (lignite). World coal branch
World stocks and production As of the end of 2010, total world industrial stocks of coal amounted 861 billion tons, and ratio of current stocks to the mining extents – 118 years32. About 76% of all world industrial stocks are focused in five countries: USA (27.6%), Russia (18.2), China (13.3%), Australia (8.9%) and India (7.0%) Subject to categories, stocks of anthracite coal and stone coal amount 47% of the world extracted coal stocks, semi-bituminous coal – 34% and brown coal – 193. Demand and offer In 2010 world coal production amounted 3 731.4 million tons in oil terms, which is 6.3% more than in previous year. Historically we can watch the tendency of reduction of mining and consumption of coal in Europe and its sustainable growth in Asian and Pacific Rim. In North America offer level is kept stable together with consumption growth.
According to the results of 2010, coal mining in majority of examined regions was reduced. World growth of coal mining is caused by increasing of mining in Asian and Pacific Rim on 8.4%.
As you can see in Diagram 2, coal is a main type of fuel, used for energy production in the world. Countries, which are mainly depend on coal as a fuel for production of energy, include Poland (93% of all electric energy is produced with the help of coal), Australia (80%), China (78%), USA (50%), Germany (47%), Greece (58%) and other countries. It is expected, that by 2030 energy production with the help of coal will be 4.9 trillion kWph. World coal trade Total extents of coal trade almost doubled during two last decades and amounted 1.083 billion tons in 2010
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