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Terms for subject Medical (3025 entries)

leukocyte	A type of cell found in blood and lymph. White blood cells are key components of the immune system and help fight infection and disease. Examples of white blood cells include lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, and mast cells.
white blood cell	A type of cell found in blood and lymph. White blood cells are key components of the immune system and help fight infection and disease. Examples of white blood cells include lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, and mast cells.
single-masked study	A type of clinical trial in which either the investigators or the participants are unaware of the treatment that the participants are receiving.
single-blind study	A type of clinical trial in which either the investigators or the participants are unaware of the treatment that the participants are receiving.
randomized trial	A type of clinical trial in which participants are assigned by chance (randomized) to treatment and control groups, or among various treatment groups. Randomization produces groups that are similar overall in terms of general characteristics, such as age or gender, and other factors that might affect the disease or condition being studied. Having groups that are as similar as possible at the start of a clinical trial allows researchers to conclude with a certain level of confidence whether one treatment is better than another at the end of the trial.
protease	A type of enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller proteins or smaller protein units, such as peptides or amino acids. HIV protease cuts up large precursor proteins into smaller proteins. These smaller proteins combine with HIV's genetic material to form a new HIV virus. Protease inhibitors (PIs) prevent HIV from replicating by blocking protease.
triglycerides	A type of fat in blood and adipose (fat) tissue.
herpes zoster	A type of herpesvirus that causes chicken pox. After initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) the inactive (latent) form of the virus can remain in the body. If the latent virus becomes active again, it can cause shingles.
human herpesvirus 3	A type of herpesvirus that causes chicken pox. After initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) the inactive (latent) form of the virus can remain in the body. If the latent virus becomes active again, it can cause shingles.
varicella zoster virus (VZV)	A type of herpesvirus that causes chicken pox. After initial infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) the inactive (latent) form of the virus can remain in the body. If the latent virus becomes active again, it can cause shingles.
primary immune complex reaction	A type of hypersensitivity reaction that results from interactions between a drug and the immune system. During a primary immune complex reaction, antigens and antibodies clump together to form immune complexes. These immune complexes then damage body tissue. This rare but serious drug reaction can occur with use of certain antiretroviral (ARV) drugs.
Regulatory T Cell	A type of lymphocyte. Regulatory T lymphocytes (regulatory T cells) prevent the immune system from becoming over-active during an immune response and from attacking normal cells.
Suppressor T cell	A type of lymphocyte. Regulatory T lymphocytes (regulatory T cells) prevent the immune system from becoming over-active during an immune response and from attacking normal cells.
Suppressor T lymphocyte	A type of lymphocyte. Regulatory T lymphocytes (regulatory T cells) prevent the immune system from becoming over-active during an immune response and from attacking normal cells.
regulatory T lymphocyte	A type of lymphocyte. Regulatory T lymphocytes (regulatory T cells) prevent the immune system from becoming over-active during an immune response and from attacking normal cells.
T Cell	A type of lymphocyte. There are two major types of T lymphocytes: CD8 cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) and CD4 cells (helper T lymphocytes) both T cell types are essential for a healthy immune system. HIV infects and destroys CD4 cells, gradually destroying the immune system.
T Lymphocyte	A type of lymphocyte. There are two major types of T lymphocytes: CD8 cells (cytotoxic T lymphocytes) and CD4 cells (helper T lymphocytes) both T cell types are essential for a healthy immune system. HIV infects and destroys CD4 cells, gradually destroying the immune system.
retrospective study	A type of medical research study. Retrospective studies look back in time to compare a group of people with a particular disease or condition to a group of people who do not have the disease or condition. Researchers study the medical and lifestyle histories of the people in each group to learn what factors may be associated with the disease or condition.
testosterone	A type of sex hormone. Testosterone is necessary for developing and maintaining certain male sex characteristics, and it helps maintain muscle mass and bone density. Testosterone deficiency is common with HIV and may result in a decrease in muscle mass, an increase in body fat, or erectile dysfunction.
qualitative transcription-mediated amplification	A type of viral load test. Viral load tests are used to diagnose acute HIV infection, guide treatment choices, and monitor response to antiretroviral therapy (ART)